Hazards case studies (Monsterat)

Question 1

Location? Time?

Answer 1

island of monsterat caribbean, north, plymouth capital

18th July 1995

Question 2

tectonics and how did it erupt

Answer 2

north american plate and caribbean plate at a destructive plate margin, north american plate subduction under caribbean plate at the putorico trench
volcanic island arc

Question 3

volcano type and lava type and eruption type

Answer 3

composite volcano so andesetic lava with a plinian eruption

Question 4

VEI rating

Answer 4

3-4

Question 5

what were the primary hazards

Answer 5

• 19 deaths
• pyroclastic flows causing the destruction of plymouth
• plants and crops destroyed
• respiratory issues due to ash in air
• earthquake
• plants and animals poisoning
• volcanic acids

Question 6

what were the secondary effects

Answer 6

• displacement of homes
• water contamination
• health effects
• lack of tourism
• damaged plants and infrastructure
• children lacked education

Question 7

what were the short term responses

Answer 7

• evacuation from British navy
• compensation from uk
• emergency services
• £17 million from uk
• food rations
• exclusion zone

Question 8

what were the long term responses

Answer 8

-volcanic observatory to monitor volcano
- infrastructure rebuilt
- services expanded
- re development of schools
- tourism boosted
- residents gained right to live in uk or move back
- £420 million of aid

Question 9

How does this link to parks model?

Answer 9

pre disaster:
- monitoring

relief:
- after phase 1 60% of island was unsafe and family’s moved 2-3 times
- 92% of people evacuated and shelters were made

rehab:
- britain have £2500 to each adult to help however this was deemed not enough