Hazards

Question 1

Hydrosphere

Answer 1

Where all the earths water is contained, mainly in liquid form

Question 2

Lithosphere

Answer 2

The rocks and soil that for, the earths crust, its is where earthquakes and volcanoes.

Question 3

Atmosphere

Answer 3

The gases that surround the earths surface, atmosphere extends 600 km above the surface

Question 4

Biosphere

Answer 4

Where living things exist, hazards include malaria and invasive species

Question 5

What is a natural phenomenon ?

Answer 5

A physical event such as volcanic eruption that doesn’t effect human beings.

Question 6

What is a natural disaster?

Answer 6

A hazardous event that causes unacceptably large numbers of fatalities and property damage.

Question 7

What is a hazardous event?

Answer 7

A natural phenomenon in a populated area.

Question 8

Natural hazards

Answer 8

Causes by non-anthropogenic forces, anthropogenic forces can escalate these natural events to being a phenomenon, to a hazard or even a disaster.

Question 9

What are human hazards?

Answer 9

Human activity and the interaction with the environment. Can be referred to as technological hazards.
These hazards occur due to exposure of hazardous substances

Question 10

What are ecological hazards?

Answer 10

A biological or chemical hazard that has the potential to impact adversely on the wellbeing of people and the environment 
Include : infectious diseases
Animal-transmitted diseases
Water born diseases
Plant and animal invasions.

Question 11

Spatial distribution

Answer 11

Refers to how features or objects are arranged on the earths surface.

Question 12

3 forms of spatial distribution

Answer 12

Uniform - objects and features evenly distributed
Random - no identifiable pattern
Clustered- there is a relationship between the points

Question 13

Magnitude

Answer 13

Measurement of the strength or intensity of the hazard it is a way of indicating the size of the hazard event

Question 14

Frequency

Answer 14

Refers to the number of times a hazard occurs

Does impact upon the level of preparedness of a community and as a result increase their level of mitigation.

Question 15

Mitigation

Answer 15

The ability to moderate the severity of a hazard or similarly adverse occurrence.

Question 16

Probability

Answer 16

Probability or the likelihood that an event will happen

Question 17

Risk

Answer 17

The exposure or probability of a hazard event causing harmful consequences

Question 18

Reasons why people are at risk

Answer 18

Unpredictability
Lack of alternatives
Dynamic hazards (overtime threat of a hazard) 
Cost versus benefits
Fatalism
Adaption

Question 19

Vulnerability

Answer 19

Assesses the level of risk to the way a hazard event will affect human life and property

Question 20

Factors hat affect vulnerability

Answer 20

Wealth
Educational awareness
Levels of organisation
Technical ability to design/construct preventive measures
Health and age of population
Availability of emergency infrastructure
Human actions ie deforestation

Question 21

Hazard management

Answer 21

assessing risks that exist prior to a hazard occurring, during the hazard and after these include
Prediasater planning (mitigation, prevention)
During the disaster- response
Post disaster- recovery, relief, rescue and rehab

Question 22

Sustainability factors

Answer 22

Meeting the needs of current and future generations by maintaining environment, society and economy factors

Question 23

How to categorise a disaster

Answer 23

Killed ten plus people
Affected atleast 100 (instant)
An appeal for national government or international assistance must occur