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Hazards > Hazards > Flashcards

Hazards Flashcards

1
Q

What is a hazard

A

A threat that can cause lose to human life and damage to property, as well as having social and economic impacts

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2
Q

What is a geophysical hazard

A

A hazard caused by the movement of the earth

Volcanos
Earthquakes
Tsunami
Landslides
Avalanche

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3
Q

What is a atmospheric hazard

A

Hazards related to weather

Tropical storms
Tornados

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4
Q

What is a hydrological hazard

A

A hazard related to a water process

Droughts
Floods
Mudslides

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5
Q

What is dreggs model of vulnerability

A

Hazardous natural event

+

Vulnerable population

=

Disaster

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6
Q

What is a mega disaster

A

Over 2000 deaths

200,000 made homeless

Over a year of foreign aid dependancy

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7
Q

What are natural hazard trends

A

Frequency of natural hazards and people affected by them have increased

Destructiveness of earthquakes has increased

Humanity’s capacity to cope has increased

We have better awareness, preparedness and tech

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8
Q

What is the formula for risk

A

Risk (R) = Hazard (H) x vulnerability (V)
Capacity to cope (C)

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9
Q

What are hazard perceptions

A

Socio-economic status

Level of eduction

Occupation/employment status

Cultural background - gods will

Past experiences

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10
Q

What is the hazard management cycle

A

A systematic process aimed at reducing the impacts of disasters

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11
Q

What is the prevention/mitigation stage of the hazard management cycle

A

Identifying potential hazard and taking steps to reduce their impacts

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12
Q

What is the preparedness stage of the hazard management cycle

A

Minimising the loss of life and property, facilitating response and recovery stages

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13
Q

What is the response stage of the hazard management cycle

A

Coping with a disaster, making areas safe and reducing economic loss

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14
Q

What is the recovery stage of the hazard management cycle

A

Short term - focus on people’s immediate needs
-> temporary shelter

Long term - focus on people’s long term needs
-> rebuilding of homes

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15
Q

How is the mitigation and prevention stage carried out

A

Land use planning

Building codes and enforcement of these codes

Building defensive structures

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16
Q

How is the preparation stage carried out

A

Setting up early warning systems

Creating evacuation routes

Stock piling aid and equipment/supplies

17
Q

How is the response stage carried out

A

Search and rescue

Evacuation if needed

Restoring critical infrastructure

18
Q

How is the recovery stage carried out

A

Power and water is restored permanently

Transport routes are rebuilt

Future precautions are put in place

19
Q

What are the advantages of the hazard management cycle

A

Focus on preparation which can reduce loses

Helps to assess whether hazard management has been successful

Reduces stress/anxiety as locals know something is being done to mitigate their effects

20
Q

What are the disadvantages of the hazard management cycle

A

Generic and unquantifiable

More applicable to HICs, who have more money

21
Q

What is the park model

A

Aims to show the effects a hazard has on the quality of life in an area over time

22
Q

What are the 5 stages in the Park model

A

Pre- disaster

Impact

Relief

Rehabilitation

Reconstruction

23
Q

What is pre-disaster in the park mode

A

Normality before the hazard

24
Q

What is impact in the park model

A

When the event occurs

25
Q

What is relief in the park model

A

The immediate response,

Search and rescue

Temporary shelter

Proving food and water

Hours and days

26
Q

What is the rehabilitation stage in the park model

A

Restoring services and infrastructure as well as temporary services

Days to weeks

27
Q

What is the reconstruction stage of the park model

A

Permanent restoration aimed at the same quality of life as before the hazard occurred

Weeks to years

28
Q

What are the advantages of the park model

A

Applicable to HICs and LICs

Shows preparedness of an area, by seeing how the QOL changed

Comparable to other data

Specific to a location

29
Q

What are disadvantages of the park model

A

QOL is different for everyone

Doesn’t show the number of deaths nor damage to property

Hazards (6 decks)

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