Hazardous earth case studies Flashcards
What magnitude was the 2015 Nepal earthquake
7.8 on the richter scale - collision plate boundary
What were the primary effects of the Nepal earthquake (2015)
9000 deaths
19,000 injuries
3 million made homeless
600,000 buildings destroyed
Secondary effects of the Nepal earthquake (2015)
Landslides and avalanches
- Blocked roads
- Killed 19 people at mt everest
Rice seed ruined - increased prices by 11%
Tourism, income and employment declined
liquefication
Immediate responses of Nepal earthquake (2015)
Half a million shelters provided
300,000 people migrated from kathmandu to seek shelter
India and china donated $1 billion in aid
Long term responses of Nepal (2015)
7000 schools rebuilt
Landslides and roadblocks cleared
Stricter building codes introduced
Asian development bank donated $200 million for first stage of rehabilitation
What magnitude was the New Zealand (2016) earthquake
7.8 on the richter scale
Primary effects of New Zealand (2016)
2 deaths
19 injured
60 people needed emergency housing
20,000 buildings destroyed
Secondary effects of New Zealand (2016)
29,000 landslides blocked roadways and railways
Tsunami 5m high
Immediate responses New Zealand (2016)
Emergency housing provided
Tsunami warning issued
Power restored within hours
Temporary water supplies set up
Long term responses New Zealand (2016)
Road and rail routes opened within 2 years
Earthquake resistant pipes
What magnitude was the Haiti earthquake (2010)
7.0 on the richter scale - conservative plate boundary
Primary effects of Haiti 2010
200,000 deaths
300,000 injured
1 million homeless
Secondary effects of Haiti 2010
Two million people left without water and food
Crime increased
Outbreaks of cholera led to further 10,000 deaths
Immediate responses Haiti 2010
Port was damaged so aid was slow
USA sent rescue teams and 10,000 troops
Bottled water and purification tablets provided
235,000 moved to new homes
£20 million donated by the UK
Long term responses Haiti 2010
Relied on overseas aid - one of the poorest countries in the world
One million people still lived in shelters a year after the earthquake
Why did so many people die in the Haiti 2010 earthquake?
Earthquake occurred at shallow depth - stronger groundshaking
Struck the most densely populated city in the country
Poorest country in the western hemisphere
Poor living standards
Lack of infrastructure to make use of aid - only one airport with one runway
What magnitude was the earthquake which caused the boxing day tsunami 2004?
9.1 on the richter scale - convergent plate boundary
Primary effects of boxing day tsunami (2004)
Impacted 12 countries
230,000 deaths
650,000 injured
2 million homeless
Secondary effects of boxing day tsunami (2004)
Outbreak of diseases such as cholera
Lack of food - agriculture and fisheries destroyed
Railways and roads blocked or destroyed
Electric cut off
Immediate responses boxing day tsunami (2004)
food, water and shelter provided
Uk public raised and donated $100 million
Long term responses boxing day tsunami (2004)
A year later the UK donated £370 million
Indian ocean tsunami warning system set up which also taught people how to respond during the event of an earthquake
What magnitude was the magnitude of the earthquake which caused the Fukushima tsunami 2011?
9.0 magnitude
Primary effects of the fukushima tsunami 2011
16,000 deaths
26,000 injures
330,000 buildings destroyed
$220 billion cost
Secondary effects of the fukushima tsunami 2011
Nuclear power plant destroyed - still releasing radiation and is expected to for the next 50 years - leaving the area unhabited
