Having Trouble - Sci and Identification Flashcards
European Beech
Fagaceae, Fagus Sylvatica
- alt, smooth bark, spikey fruit, 7-9 vein ovate leaf with NO large teeth
American Beech
Fagaceae, Fagus Grandifolia
- alt, smooth bark, spikey fruit, 11-14 vein ovate leaf with large teeth (like little bites)
Sweetgum
Hamamelidaceae, Liquidambar Styraciflua
- spikey balls on tree
Sassafras
Lauraceae, Sassafras albidum
- alt, white/yellow flower bud that looks slightly burnt, rounded mitten leaves, orange inner bark (spicy smell)
Sweet Cherry
Rosaceae, Prunus avium
- alt, large lenticel bark, fatter leaf than black cherry
Black Cherry
Rosaceae, Prunus Serotina
- alt, short lenticel bark when young -cornflake bark when older, skinnier ovate leaf than sweet cherry
Bigtooth Aspen
Salicaceae, Populus Grandidentata
- alt, bark ridged with diamond-shaped vertical lenticels, heart shaped leaf scar, wide ovate leaf with wide teeth (stinkbug)
Black Willow
Salicaceae, Salix Nigra
- alt, scaley ridged bark, young yellow branches, slighly longated bud, lance-like leaf with fine serrations
Red Maple
Aceraceae, Acer Rubrum
- opposite, long finely scaled bark, young red twig with small lenticels, clustered usually red buds
Sugar Maple
Aceraceae, Acer Saccharum
- opposite, very sharp tightly scaled brown buds, Canadian leaf(three main lobes)
Green Ash
Oleaceae, Fraxinus Pennsylvanica
- opposite, diamond ridged bark, compound leaf (7-9 leaflets)
Dawn Redwood
Cupressaceae, Metasequoia Glyptostroboides
- deciduous pine tree, orange striped brown bark (unique)
Silver Maple
Aceraceae, Acer Saccharium
- opposite, long stripped bark, very clustered round red buds, five lobe deeply sinused leaf with coarse serrations
Norway Maple
Aceraceae, Acer Platanoides
- opposite, very thin long ridge bark, short stout sugar maple like leaf with more lobes (5-7)
Boxelder
Aceraceae, Acer Negundo
- opposite, shallow ridged bark, white and hairy buds, young green twigs, “v” leaf scar, simple ovate leaf
Callery Pear
Rosaceae, Pyrus Calleryana
- alt, bud is very fuzzy and white(unique) like cotton, round brown fruit
Willow Oak
Fagaceae, Quercus Phellos
- alt, clustered sharpish brownish red buds, 1/4-1/2 inch acorn (very small), lance like thin toothless leaf(black willow is serrated)
White Spruce
Pinaceae, Picea Glauca
- green needles attached at woody peg, whitish waxy end on needles, very small 1.5-2.5 inch cones (norway spruce 3-4 inch cones)
Pin Oak
Fagaceae, Quercus Palustris
- alt, clustered buds, DEEP leaf sinus )(
Bur Oak
Fagaceae, Quercus macrocarpa
- alt, vertically ridged bark, clustered bud with thread-like material around, hairy looking acorn cap(burred)
Shingle Oak
Fagaceae, Quercus imbricaria
- alt, broad ridges and shallow furrows, clustered buds, wider ovate leaf than willow (willow is lance like)
Alleghany Chinkapin
Fagaceae, Casanea pumila
- alt, shallow furrows with scaly plates, fuzzy(dusty) single bud, fuzzy reddish twig, spikey bur with teardrop nut inside, coarsley toothed ovate leaf
Chinese Chestnut
Fagaceae, Castanea mollissima
- alt, rapidly furrowing bark(like large diamonds), fuzzy gray-brown twig, spikey burr with nut inside
American Chestnut
Fagaceae, Castanea dentata
- alt, smooth young bark shallow ridged older bark, hairless twig, spikey burr
Kentucky Coffeetree
Fabaceae, Gymnocladus dioicus
- alt, sunken bud, slightly heart shaped leaf scar, thick and wide seed pod, salmon color in twig
Honeylocust
Fabaceae, Gleditsia triacanthos
- alt, sunken buds, long skinny seed pod
River Birch
Betulaceae, Betula nigra
- alt, peeled salmon bark(distinct), arrow head leaf with double tooth serrations
Sweet Birch
Betulaceae, Betula lenta
- alt, large plated bark(older), thin twig that smells like wintergreen when broken
Virginia Pine
Pinaceae, Pinus virginiana
- two needle bunch (V for VIRGINIA), small red-brown cone
White Ash
Oleaceae, Fraxinus Americana
- opposite, compound leaf leaflets are slightly larger than green ash and have exactly 7, leaf scar looks like a curved pot like a smile
Cucumbertree
Magnoliaceae, Magnolia acuminata
- alt, soft (spongey) flakey bark, silvery white fuzzy long bud, cat poop fruit
Spicebush
Lauraceae, Lindera benzoin
-alt, most are shrubs, lemon yellow leaf in winter, circular buds(pairs or single), spicy smell in twig
Black Walnut
Juglandaceae, Juglans Nigra
- alt, “monkey face” leaf scar, hard thick irregularly furrowed black walnut husk which is hollow and has strong chemical smell, very large compound leaf (12-24 inches)
Northern Red Oak
Fagaceae, Quercus Rubra
- alt, bark like a bunch of snakes slithered up it, clustered buds, acorn like ice-age movie, sharp black oak like leaf with more teeth
Chinkapin Oak
Fagaceae, Quercus muehlenbergii
- alt, light gray (white oak like) bark with little bits of yellow, clustered buds, large acorn with very small cap, coarsley toothed leaf (like chestnut leaf)
Black Locust
Fabaceae, Robinia pseudoacacia
- alt, rope like ridged bark, spikes at leaf scars, sunken small buds, 2-4 inch seed pod(snow pea size), oval round compound leaf
Eastern Redbud
Fabaceae, Cercis canadensis
- alt, sunken buds, 2-4 inch seed pod, heart shaped leaf(black locust leaf is compound and oval shaped)
Blackhaw
Caprifoliaceae, Viburnum prunifolium
- (extremely) opposite, burning ash bark, fish skeleton appearance on branches, raisin like fruit
Little leaf linden
Tiliaceae, Tilia cordata
- alt, buds have “beer belly” bulging on one side - usually orangish, round seed pods with five distinct ridges, serrated crooked heart leaf
American Basswood
Tiliaceae, Tilia americana
- alt, long vertical ridged bark, very red teardrop bud, whiteish twig, round smooth white seed, tree sounds hollow when knocked with something
Hawthorn
Rosaceae, Crataegus Spp.
- generally alt, true thorns, round shiny (like nail polish) red-brick bud, scaley bark
European Larch
Pinaceae, Larix decidua
- looses needles in winter, soft delicate needles, cones turn upwards
Shagbark Hickory
Juglandaceae, Carya ovata
- alt, shaggy bark, shaggy bud with loose brown scales, thickest hickory husk
Mockernut Hickory
Juglandaceae, Carya tomentosa
- alt, woven uniform bark, fuzzy twig, bud is larger than pignut, thick hickory husk(thicker than pignut and bitternut, thinner than shagbark)
- shagbark is also not fuzzy
Pignut Hickory
Juglandaceae, Carya glabra
- alt, smooth and thin twig, smallish bud, thinner hickory husk than mockernut, inside of nut resembles pig nose
Bitternut Hickory
Juglandaceae, Carya cordiformis
- alt, yellow(sometimes brownish) long bud, thinnest hickory nut
Common persimmon
Ebenaceae, Diospyros virginiana
- alt, reptile scale like bark, rounded triangular black bud, one dot in leaf scar
Eastern Redcedar
Cupressaceae, Juniperus virginiana
- evergreen, tightly held light green-blue needles/leaves around twig, male cones are yellow-brown and very small, female cones are berry-like and blue green
Northern Catalpa
Bignoniaceae, Catalpa speciosa
- sunken oval leaf scar(like nascar stadium), three/four buds and three/four leaf scars, long thin stringy seed pod
Hophornbeam
Betulaceae, Ostrya virginiana
- alt, flatish nutlets in groups on stem, bark appears slightly shredded(older) and smooth with lenticels younger
Hornbeam
Betulaceae, Carpinus caroliniana
- alt, muscular looking bark, hanging large groups of seed pods
Gray Birch
Betulaceae, Betula populifolia
- alt, white gray bark with small lenticels, rough bumpy twig with lenticels, leaf has long edge(like a spikey tail)
Paper Birch
Betulaceae, Betula papyrifera
- alt, very white bark that peels slightly, groups of 3-4 catkins, twig is smooth
