Haskala

Question 1

what does haskla mean

Answer 1

enlightenment

Question 2

where did haskala take place

Answer 2

Eastern Europe

Question 3

what did it want jews to do
what was its goal
Haskala

Answer 3

be identified by the culture rather than religion

to escape antisemitism by modernizing jews

Question 4

was hasklah only one way

Answer 4

came in many ways with one goal that jews should change their education, occupation and language

Question 5

what were the followers of haskla called

Answer 5

maskilim

Question 6

what did the maskilim do to their own schools

Answer 6

oppressed their own schools to educate jewish children with the new ideas

Question 7

how did the maskilim interact with the russian gov

Answer 7

protest the russian govts decrees against judaism and sometimes aided them

Question 8

the maskilim were…

what did they do to judiasm and observant jews

Answer 8

1) extreme anti-religion

2) ridiciouled them

Question 9

what was the maskilim saying

Answer 9

we have come to free jews from the shackles of an ancient religion

Question 10

as a result of the maskilim’s attitude towrads judaism…

Answer 10

they were hated by religious jews

Question 11

what did many writers from haskala do

Answer 11

exaggerated their ridicule and have the world a twisted impression on judaism

Question 12

the yiddish haskala:

Answer 12

created newspapers, books, theatre in the yiddish language

Question 13

russian haskala:

Answer 13

wanted jews to become more Russian in their dress, habits and language

Question 14

Hebrew haskala:

Answer 14

wanted to revive hebrew as a language but not as lashon hakodesh

Question 15

socialist haskla
Who was their savior
What did they organize
Believers in what

What was their union called
What did they see themselves as

Answer 15

they looked to Karl Marx as their savior
organized unions - fought 4 workers
and were believers in socialism and communism

they formed their own union called Bund
they saw themselves not as jews but as workers who are part of an international class struggle against the factory owner

Question 16

1 error and mistake the miskalim made:

assisted who?
what did teh govt help?
what did they want to establish

Answer 16

1) russian govt in their harsh decrees against jews hoping that judiasm would be wiped out and they can take over
2) establish their own schools - where they wanted to teach young jews their new ideas
3) their own rabbinical skool

Question 17

in 1842 there was a man named…
where did eh come from
why
who was he opposed by

Answer 17

Max Lilenthal
germany to Russia
to establish this rabbi skool
R’ Yitzhak of Volozhin and R’ menachem mindel schnierson (the tzemach tzedek)

Question 18

what did lilenthal want to change

what did these two rabbis convince

Answer 18

1) the cirriculum of yeshiva

2) convinced govt to allow them to change the traditoonal yeshiva education

Question 19

what happened to lilenthals school

Answer 19

eventually taken over by russian govt, brought in christian teachers

Question 20

what was lilenthal forced to fo

what happened to him

Answer 20

flee russia

ended up in the us and becae a famous reform rabbi

Question 21

#2 mistake Miskalim made:
what did the maskilim thought the religious jews wouldnt do?
what happened in reality?

Answer 21

1) resist their change

2) they fought back even to the point of violence

Question 22

maskilim mistake 2b)

what did jews create?

Answer 22

the yeshiva system of education which produced many great rabbis who were able to fight against haskala

Question 23

maskilim mistake 3)
the maskilim totally....
by 1870s:
whay became very clear to the,
what was their conclusion

Answer 23

1) misjudged and under estimated how much the russian govt hated jews
2) what the govt thought of jews
3) that they must either emigrate ir find a way to change the govt

Question 24

what happeneed to many maskilim

Answer 24

converted, became radicals, revolutionaries and lots joined the zionist movement when it began in the begeinning of the 1900s