Hardy Weinberg Principle

Question 1

Population

Answer 1

Same species, living in the same place at the same time

Question 2

Allele

Answer 2

Alternative form of a gene

Question 3

Gene Pool

Answer 3

Sum of all the alleles in a population. The more variety there is in a population’s gene pool, the better that population can survive in a changing environment

Question 4

Phenotypic Frequency

Answer 4

Proportion of members of a population with a particular phenotype

Question 5

Genotypic Frequency

Answer 5

Proportion of members of a population with a particular genotype

Question 6

Allele Frequency

Answer 6

Rate of occurance of a particular allele in a population

Question 7

What is the simple Hardy Weinberg equation

Answer 7

p + q = 1

Question 8

What is the frequency of the dominant allele

Answer 8

P

Question 9

What is the frequency of the recessive allele

Answer 9

q

Question 10

The more “complex” hardy weinberg equation

Answer 10

p^2 +pq+q^2

Question 11

What is the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype

Answer 11

p^2

Question 12

What is the frequency of the heterozygous genotype

Answer 12

2pq

Question 13

What is the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype

Answer 13

q^2

Question 14

What are the five conditions of the hardy weinberg principle

Answer 14

1. A large breeding population
2. Random mating
3. No change in allelic frequency due to mutations
4. No immigration or emmigration
5. No natural selection

Question 15

Why does there need to be a large population

Answer 15

A small population can result in a gene disappearing or increasing in frequency by chance

Question 16

Why do you need random mating

Answer 16

In non-random mating certain genotypes are more likely to leave offspring

Question 17

Why does there need to be no migration

Answer 17

There has to be gene flow. Migration of an allele can occur in or out of the population

Question 18

Why does there need to be no mutation

Answer 18

There is no net mutation

Question 19

Why should there be no natural selection against certain phenotypes

Answer 19

Certain genes are favoured for survival

Question 20

Genetic Equilibrium

Answer 20

If HW values remain constant generation after generation, the population is said to be in genetic equilibrium

Question 21

Microevolution

Answer 21

If there is a gradual change in the HW values, it is referred to as microevolution