Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Flashcards
Father of Modern Genetics
Gregor Mendel
presented a mechanism for how traits got passed on
Mendel
Mendel’s Law of Inheritance
- Law of segregation
- Law of independent assortment
only one allele passes from each parent on to an offspring
- Law of segregation
different pairs of alleles are passed to offspring independently of each other
- Law of independent assortment
How many pea plants did mendel use
29,000 pea plants
what did mendel discovered based on pea plants?
1:3 ratio of phenotypes due to dom. vs rec. alleles
Mathematical description of Mendelian inheritance
Hardy-Weinberg principle
who discovered HWE?
- Godfrey H. Hardy
- Wilhem Weinberg
A population that is not evolving shows allele and genotypic frequencies that are in
Hardy Weinberg equilibrium
If a population is not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, it can be concluded that the population is
Evolving
Evolutionary mechanisms
- Genetic Drift
- Natural selection
- Mutation
- Migration
change expression of alleles but not the frequency of alleles themselves
Epigenetic inheritance is the
Requirements of HW
- Large population size
- Random mating
- No mutations
- No Natural Selection
- No Migration
Principles of allele and genotype of population according to HWE;
Remain constant from generation to generation
A region of genome sequence (DNA or RNA), that is the unit of inheritance, the product of which contributes to phenotype
Gene
Location in a genome
Locus
Plural of locus
Loci
Variant forms of a gene
Allele
the combination of alleles at a locus (Gene)
Genotype
The expression of a trait, as a result of the genotype and regulation of genes
Phenotype
Variant forms of a gene
Allele
Diploid formula
- p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
- 1=p+q
Triploid organism formula
- (p+q)^3=1
- p^3 + 3p^q + 3pq^2 + q^3 = 1
