Hardware, History and More

Question 1

Who were the designer and programmers of the first mechanical calculating machines?

Answer 1

Charles Babbage and Ada Byron Lovelace

Question 2

ROM

Answer 2

ROM: Read Only Memory. A storage unit that cannot be modified and will not lose data when power is off (a safe means of storage).

Question 3

RAM

Answer 3

RAM: Random Access Memory. A storage unit that can be modified and will lose data that isn’t saved when power is off.

Question 4

Bit

Answer 4

A bit is a single binary digit (0 or 1)

Question 5

Pixel

Answer 5

A pixel is the smallest logical unit of visual information used to display an image.

Question 6

HTML

Answer 6

(Hyper Text Markup Language) A standardized system for tagging text files to achieve font, color, graphic, and hyperlink effects on World Wide Web pages.

Question 7

URL

Answer 7

(Uniform Resource Locator) An address for websites.

Question 8

Router

Answer 8

a special computer that determines the fastest paths.

Question 9

NIC

Answer 9

Network Interface Card

Question 10

BIOS

Answer 10

Basic Input or output System

Question 11

Why is more bandwidth good?

Answer 11

Because it allows the data to pass through a connection faster.

Question 12

What is the advantage of using a specialized search engine?

Answer 12

By using a specialized search engine, many more pages will appear that have more to do with the subject you asked on.

Question 13

What are the main parts of a processor?

Answer 13

Fetch, Decode, and Execute

Question 14

What is a packet?

Answer 14

Small bits of data that your computer divides information into to send something over the internet.

Question 15

What are the main parts of the URL?

Answer 15

HTML
world wide web
Domain extension
Domain name

Question 16

What is the Internet

Answer 16

The internet is a network of computer networks. The world wide web is a section of the internet

Question 17

Name 5 necessary examples of hardware for a computer

Answer 17

1. CPU + Cooler
2. Motherboard
3. Video/Graphics Card
4. Monitor
5. Power Supply

Question 18

What is an input device? Give 3 examples.

Answer 18

An input device is a piece of hardware used to provide data and control signals (etc.). Examples include: mouse, USB, audio recorder

Question 19

What is an output device? Give 3 examples.

Answer 19

An output device is a piece of hardware used to communicate the results of data processing. Examples include: speakers, USB, computer screen

Question 20

What is Moore’s law?

Answer 20

The idea that the number of transistors in a chip will double every 18 months. Even today the number of transistors continue to double.

Question 21

What is the name of the code system that allows letters and character to be stored as binary numbers?

Answer 21

ASCII

Question 22

A micron is one _______ of a meter.

Answer 22

millionth

Question 23

What are two materials that go into building a microprocessor?

Answer 23

Quartz, water. (also metals and chemicals)

Question 24

How many transistors can fit on the head of a pin?

Answer 24

millions

Question 25

4 parts of a packet

Answer 25

4 parts: They are Header, Data block, Sequence ID and end of message ID.

Question 26

ENIAC

Answer 26

the first computer (1973)

Question 27

what was alan turing’s role in the history of the computers?

Answer 27

created the first ‘bombe’ :
Built as an electromechanical mechanical means of decrypting Nazi ENIGMA-based military communications during World War II

Question 28

HTTP

Answer 28

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol