Hardware Flashcards
Processor
(CPU): Brain of the computer. Processes the instructions given to the computer.
Memory
RAM: stores information
RAM (volatile)
Stores temporary information. Loses that information when the power is turned off.
Storage and examples
Long term data retention. Non-volatile. Retains data without needing a power supply. Examples: HDD, SDD, CDs
Input/Output
Data or signals sent into the computer for processing. Example: keyboard, mouse, microphone, scanner, touchscreen, etc.
Data or signals sent out of the computer after processing. Example: printer, monitor, speaker, projector, etc.
Control Unit
Main job is the coordinate and control the executions of instructions in the CPU
Fetch information
Decode instructions
Control the execution
Coordinate timing
Instruction Unit
Part of the control unit that is responsible for fetching, decoding, and managing instructions that the CPU executes.
Control vs Instruction
control unit is a broader role
The instruction unit is part of the control unit
What are some features that could improve a CPU performance?
Increase processing speed
Enabling multitasking
Reducing delays
Improving efficiency
Motherboard functionality
It connects the parts of the computer together. It distributes power from the power supply unit. It transfers information and data, enabling communication.
Difference between RAM and ROM
RAM is volatile
RAM is mutable
RAM can be read from and written to quickly
Rom can only be read
RAM stored temporary storage
ram is typically much larger in capacity
RAM is must faster
Compare and contrast SSD and HDD
HDD uses spinning magnetic disk
SSD uses flash memory chips
HDD is slower
HDD is more prone to damage
HDD is relatively cheaper
HDD is noise producing
HDD consumes more power
HDD generally has a longer lifespan
Graphics card functionality
Handles rendering and displaying images, videos, and animations.
CPU vs. GPU
CPU is the main processor
GPU is designed for graphics processing
CPU is made of up few cores
GPU is made up of thousands of smaller cores
CPU is made for speed
CPU use less power
What is the BIOS?
Basic Input/Output System
Responsible for booting up the computer
Loading the operating system
Enabling communication between hard/software
