Harder Flashcards
Newtons 1st law
A
An object will not change its motion unless a force acts on it.
eg
something that isnt moveing wont move unless a force acts on it
something that is moving will stay moving unless a force acts on it
Newtons 2nd law
Force = Mass x acceleration
Newtons 3rd law
For every action there is an opposite reaction
How to calculate accelration
A
change in velocity/ time
eg 0-60 kph in 3 seconds
(60-0) /3 = 20kph faster per second
how to calculator velocity
V = distance/time
balanced forces means the object will ___
constant speed if its moving
not move if its not moving
Downwards force
Gravity
how does resistor work
slows down electrons by putting obstacles in the way which converts the lost energy into heat energy
series circuit current/amps is the ___
Same through whole ciruit
Voltage in parrallel circuit is the __
is the same at each bulb
Ohms law
R= V÷I
Resistance
Voltage
I= Current (A)
List all types of energy
Electrical
Kinetic
Sound
Light
Heat
Gravitational Potential
Chemical Potential
Elastic Potential
Nuclear
How was coal formed?
Plants and animals who died in swamps over millions of years got covered by layers of dirt and rock. The resulting pressure and heat turned the plants into coal.
How was natural gas and oil formed?
Plants and animals who died in the sea over millions of years got covered by layers of dirt and rock. The resulting pressure and heat turned the plants into natural gas and oil.
Natural gas is same as oil formation but more pressure and heat.
Why is carbon used for fuels and energy?
They burn with a clean flame and no smoke is produced.
Carbon and their compounds give out a lot of heat, energy and light when they are burnt in air
Carbon compounds have higher maximum ignition temperatures and their combustion can be restrained.
Atomic number
Number of electrons/protons
Atomic mass
Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
How to find number of neutrons
Mass Number – Atomic Number = Number of Neutrons
What happens when you burn a non-metal?
Fuel -> Non Metal + oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water
Ocean acidification
CO₂ + H₂O -> H₂CO₃ (carbonic acid)
Ocean acidification is the reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time, caused by more carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.
Crystalization
Used to obtain pure crystals of a substance from an impure mixture.
Solid is disolved in an solvent
Mixture is heated to evaporate solvent
Solution is allowed to cool and solid appears as crystals
3 Sustainable fishing methods
Traps, Harpoons, Hook
How are microplastics made?
Weathering, through exposure to, for example, wave action, wind abrasion, and ultraviolet radiation from sunlight.
What plastic cant be recycled?
Thermosetting plastics
What plastic can be recycled?
Thermoplastics
How is plastic made?
Lots of small monomers combined by polymerization to create long chains of polymers.
4 Spheres of the earth
Lithosphere (land), hydrosphere (water), biosphere (living things), and atmosphere (air)
Red cabbage experiment
Red cabbage juice is purple
Neutral= purple
acid= Red
Base= Blue
How does static electricity work
Balloon rubs hair
Balloon collects electrons on the hair
Hair repels because of same charge
How is energy lost at each level
Energy is lost due to movement, respiration, heat loss in penguin etc.
Coal and oil produce carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide when they burn. What elements must they contain?
Carbon and sulfur
