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science yr 10 > Harder > Flashcards

Harder Flashcards

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1
Q

Newtons 1st law

A

A
An object will not change its motion unless a force acts on it.
eg
something that isnt moveing wont move unless a force acts on it
something that is moving will stay moving unless a force acts on it

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2
Q

Newtons 2nd law

A

Force = Mass x acceleration

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3
Q

Newtons 3rd law

A

For every action there is an opposite reaction

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4
Q

How to calculate accelration

A

A
change in velocity/ time
eg 0-60 kph in 3 seconds
(60-0) /3 = 20kph faster per second

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5
Q

how to calculator velocity

A

V = distance/time

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6
Q

balanced forces means the object will ___

A

constant speed if its moving
not move if its not moving

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7
Q

Downwards force

A

Gravity

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8
Q

how does resistor work

A

slows down electrons by putting obstacles in the way which converts the lost energy into heat energy

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9
Q

series circuit current/amps is the ___

A

Same through whole ciruit

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10
Q

Voltage in parrallel circuit is the __

A

is the same at each bulb

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11
Q

Ohms law

A

R= V÷I
Resistance
Voltage
I= Current (A)

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12
Q

List all types of energy

A

Electrical
Kinetic
Sound
Light
Heat
Gravitational Potential
Chemical Potential
Elastic Potential
Nuclear

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13
Q

How was coal formed?

A

Plants and animals who died in swamps over millions of years got covered by layers of dirt and rock. The resulting pressure and heat turned the plants into coal.

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14
Q

How was natural gas and oil formed?

A

Plants and animals who died in the sea over millions of years got covered by layers of dirt and rock. The resulting pressure and heat turned the plants into natural gas and oil.
Natural gas is same as oil formation but more pressure and heat.

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15
Q

Why is carbon used for fuels and energy?

A

They burn with a clean flame and no smoke is produced.
Carbon and their compounds give out a lot of heat, energy and light when they are burnt in air
Carbon compounds have higher maximum ignition temperatures and their combustion can be restrained.

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16
Q

Atomic number

A

Number of electrons/protons

17
Q

Atomic mass

A

Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

18
Q

How to find number of neutrons

A

Mass Number – Atomic Number = Number of Neutrons

19
Q

What happens when you burn a non-metal?

A

Fuel -> Non Metal + oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water

20
Q

Ocean acidification

A

CO₂ + H₂O -> H₂CO₃ (carbonic acid)
Ocean acidification is the reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time, caused by more carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.

21
Q

Crystalization

A

Used to obtain pure crystals of a substance from an impure mixture.

Solid is disolved in an solvent
Mixture is heated to evaporate solvent
Solution is allowed to cool and solid appears as crystals

22
Q

3 Sustainable fishing methods

A

Traps, Harpoons, Hook

23
Q

How are microplastics made?

A

Weathering, through exposure to, for example, wave action, wind abrasion, and ultraviolet radiation from sunlight.

24
Q

What plastic cant be recycled?

A

Thermosetting plastics

25
Q

What plastic can be recycled?

A

Thermoplastics

26
Q

How is plastic made?

A

Lots of small monomers combined by polymerization to create long chains of polymers.

27
Q

4 Spheres of the earth

A

Lithosphere (land), hydrosphere (water), biosphere (living things), and atmosphere (air)

28
Q

Red cabbage experiment

A

Red cabbage juice is purple
Neutral= purple
acid= Red
Base= Blue

29
Q

How does static electricity work

A

Balloon rubs hair
Balloon collects electrons on the hair
Hair repels because of same charge

30
Q

How is energy lost at each level

A

Energy is lost due to movement, respiration, heat loss in penguin etc.

31
Q

Coal and oil produce carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide when they burn. What elements must they contain?

A

Carbon and sulfur

science yr 10 (6 decks)

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