Hard Tissues Abnormalities

Question 1

Which abnormality lead to hypomenirlization in both dentin and enamel what we call the teeth is this abnormali?

What we see in radiograph ?

Where is localized?

Is it heredity ?

Answer 1

Regional odontodysplasia

Ghost teeth

Open apices , short roots , enlarged pulp chamber

Region or quadrant

No

Question 2

Congenital syphilis result in which abnormality ?

What’s the morphology for each one ?

How it occurs ?

Answer 2

• Hutchinson’s incisor:
  “screwdriver-shaped” or triangular incisor
  interstitial keratitis
  teeth abnormalities
  deafness

*Mulberry molar: first molars that appear
like a mulberry fruit, with extra and rounded enamel cusps

• when a pregnant mother transmits syphilis to her child in utero or at birth

Question 3

What’s is Concrescence and Fusion and Gemination ?

How to differentiate?

Answer 3

*Concresence Union of adjacent teeth at the level of
cementum ( roots )
● Enamel, dentin, and pulp are not involved

• Fusion of two teeth at the dentin and pulp
  ● One fewer tooth (# teeth - 1)
  ● Two separate pulp chambers
• Gemination Attempt of one tooth bud to become two separate teeth trauma can be cause )
  ● Normal number of teeth
  ● Single root and pulp chamber

Question 4

Which common teeth envolved in conceresnce ?

Answer 4

maxillary molars

Question 5

Fusion mostly to occur in ?

Answer 5

mandibular lateral incisors and canines

Question 6

Gemintation mostly to occur in ?

Answer 6

Incisors

Question 7

What’s difference between Dens invaginatus and Dens evaginatus ?

Answer 7

Invaginatus :
● Invagination or infolding of the tooth surface prior to calcification
● “Tooth within a tooth”

Evaginatus :
● Outward folding of the tooth surface prior to calcifications
● Forms a small, extra cusp

Question 8

What’s the difference in invaginatus and evaginatus complication ?

Answer 8

In : Communication directly to the pulp

Eva : Pulp horns extending into enamel

Both of them end with : pulpal necrosis and apical periodontitis

Question 9

Which teeth involve more in Dens invaginatus ?

Dens evaginatus

Answer 9

Maxillary lateral incisors
Mandibular premolars

Question 10

What’s Taurodontism ?

In which cases may occur ?

Answer 10

Elongation of the pulp chamber due to apical migration of the furcation mostly in molars .

● Can occur in patients with amelogenesis imperfecta and
Down syndrome

Question 11

What’s the 3 types of dens invaginatus ?

Answer 11

Type 1 only crown
Type 2 below CEJ
Type 3 extend to root and pulp can cause perforation ( apical or lateral ).

Infection easily spread to pulp

Question 12

What’s micro and macrodontia ?

Answer 12

● Macrodontia: a tooth or group of teeth are ** abnormally larger**
● Microdontia: a tooth or group of teeth are abnormally smaller

Question 13

Which teeth abnormalities can give macro and micro appearance ?

Answer 13

Macrodontia : gemination or fusion

Microdontia : peg shaped lateral

Question 14

What’s True generalized microdontia ?

Answer 14

All teeth are smaller than normal
Occur in some cases of pituitary dwarfism
Teeth well formed but all small

Question 15

What’s relative generalized microdontia ?

Answer 15

Normal or slightly smaller than normal teeth
Are present in jaws that are larger than normal

( PROPLEM relate to jaw )

Question 16

What’s focal microdontia ?

Answer 16

Peg shaped lateral

Question 17

Which system disease associated with macro and microdontia ?

Answer 17

Macro : pituitary gigantism
Micro : pituitary dwarfism

Question 18

What’s relative and true generalized macrodontia ?

Answer 18

Relative :
Normal or slightly bigger teeth arranged in small jaws
Results in crowding of teeth
Insufficient arch space is evident

True Generalized :
All teeth are larger than normal
Associated with pituitary gigantism

Question 19

Which variations related to number ?

Answer 19

Supernumerary teeth ( Hyperdontia , Mesiodens )
Anodontia ( hypo , oligo , adontia )
Impaction

Question 20

What’s extra tooth variation?

Answer 20

Hyperdontia: presence of supernumerary teeth
Mesiodens: supernumerary tooth between two central incisors

Question 21

What’s hypo and oligodontia and adontia ?

Answer 21

Hypodontia: 1 to 6 missing teeth, excluding third molars
Oligodontia: greater than 6 teeth missing
Adontia : miss all

Question 22

Which teeth mostly to be missed ?
Most frequent congenitally missing permanent teeth

Answer 22

maxillary lateral incisors
mandibular second premolars
third molars

Question 23

Which systemic condition related to extra teeth?
Which teeth mostly involve ?

Answer 23

Cleidocranial dysostosis

Mandibular premolars , lateral incisors

Question 24

What’s adontia types ?

Answer 24

Complete anodontia
Partial anodontia:
Hypodontia
Oligodontia
Pseudoanodontia
False Anodontia

Question 25

Which systemic condition associated with adontia ?

Answer 25

Ectodermal dysplasias Associated with fine, sparse hair, wrinkly skin, and conical-shaped teeth 2 or more tissues of ectodermal origin are affected (skin, sweat glands, hair, nails, teeth, and/or mucous membrane)

Question 26

What’s the cause of impaction and types ?

Answer 26

Lack of place in the dental arch Obstruction from crowding Obstruction from other Physical barrier Abnormal eruption path because of unusual orientation of the tooth germ Shape and form abnormality Types see photo

Question 27

What’s ankylosis ?

Answer 27

Fusion of the tooth to the surrounding bone With local loss of periodontal ligament bone and cementum become inextricably mixed due to fusion of the tooth to alveolar bone

Question 28

What’s name of ankylosed teeth?

Answer 28

submerged teeth 
Mostly affected teeth : Primary teeth, most commonly mandibular second molars
 The teeth undergo variable degree of root resorption Ankylosis prevents the exfoliation +subsequent replacement by permanent teeth After adjacent permanent teeth erupt ankylosed tooth appears below the level of occlusion

Question 29

What’s talons cusp ?

Answer 29

Well expressed additional cusp On the surface of anterior tooth Extends at least half the distance from CEJ to the incisal edge

Question 30

Whts leungs cusp ?

Answer 30

Developmental condition Accessory cusp or a globule on the occlusal surface of the premolar between the lingual an buccal cusps Unilateral or bilateral

Question 31

What’s enamel pearls ?

Answer 31

Small, round nodule of ectopic enamel most commonly on the root surface , cervical or bifurcation area . most frequently at the furcation point between maxillary molar roots In radiograph opaque area near pulp chamber

Question 32

Whts deleciration ?

Answer 32

Angualation or a sharp bend or curve of root of a formed tooth Trauma to a developing tooth can cause formation of root at an angle to normal axis of tooth