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Chemistry - C3 > Hard and Soft Water > Flashcards

Hard and Soft Water Flashcards

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0
Q

How can temporary hard water be softened?

A

Boiling it changes the hydrogencarbonate atoms into carbon dioxide gas and carbonate.

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1
Q

What is in temporary hard water?

A

Dissolved calcium or magnesium hydrogencarbonate.

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2
Q

What is in permanent hard water?

A

Dissolved calcium or magnesium sulphate, nitrate or chloride.

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3
Q

How can permanent hard water be softened?

A

Either the addition of sodium carbonate (washing soda) or in a ion exchange column with the presence of sodium or hydrogen ions.

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Chemistry - C3 (8 decks)

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