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AMAC > Harappan/Indus Valley Civilization > Flashcards

Harappan/Indus Valley Civilization Flashcards

1
Q

Harappan Civilization (or) IVC - Referred themselves as?

A

Meluhha from Mesopotamia

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2
Q

NEWS - Borders of Harappan Civilization are?

A

With reference to United India:
N: Manda (Kashmir)
E: Alamgirpur (UP)
W: Sutkagendor (Baluchistan)
S: Diamabad (MH)

Note: The northern most site of Harappan Civilization is Shortugai (Afghanistan)

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3
Q

Town planning of Harappan Civilization

A
  1. Citadel/Aeropolis - Lower Town
  2. Grid System
  3. Burnt Bricks
  4. Window and Entrance from Side
  5. Drainage connected from each house
  6. Great Bath
  7. Dams
  8. Granaries
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4
Q

Great Bath is observed in which Harappan Site?

A

Mohenjo Daro

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5
Q

Dam and Irrigation are observed in which Harappan Site?

A

Dholavira

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6
Q

Number of Granaries observed in Harappa?

A

Six

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7
Q

Sowing season is?

A

November (Sow) - April (Harvest)

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8
Q

Crops cultivated are?

A

Wheat, Barley, Pea, Chickpea, Sesme, Rai, Rice, Cotton

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9
Q

Cotton is referred to as?

A

Sindhon derived from Sindh by the Greeks

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10
Q

Use of ploughing is observed in which sites?

A

Bahawalpur and Banawali

Note: Ploughed field is observed in Kalibangan

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11
Q

Canal system is observed in which Harappan Site?

A

Shortugai (Afghanistan)

This is also the Northern most part of the Harappan Civilization

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12
Q

Which animals were domesticated during this period?

A

Oxen, Buffaloes, Goat, Sheep, Pigs, Dogs, and Cats

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13
Q

Rice is cultivated in which Harappan Sites?

A

Rangpur and Lothal

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14
Q

Barley is cultivated in which Harappan Sites?

A

Banawali

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15
Q

Evidence of horse is seen in which Harappan Site?

A

Surkotada (Horse Bone was excavated)

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16
Q

Indian Rhino was observed in which Harappan Site?

A

Amri

17
Q

Art and Craft of Harappan Civilization?

A
  1. Red Sandstone Torso
  2. Bearded Man (Considered to be the Priest)
  3. Dancing Girl (Tribhanga is considered as the earliest dancing form)
  4. Teracotta Toys
  5. Dice Game
  6. Chess
18
Q

Political organization of Harappan Period?

A
  1. Priests - According to DD Kosambi
  2. Merchants - Acc. to RS Sharma
    (As there were no temples found)

Note: No clear cut evidence can be seen

19
Q

Religious affairs of Harappan Civilization?

A

Deities:
1. Plant and Animal Worship
2. Yoni (F) and Phallus (M) Worship
3. Pashupati
4. Mother Goddess - Terracotta - Figurine and Seal Depictions

Rituals:
1. Animal Sacrifice
2. Fire and Water Worship
3. Burial System

20
Q

Various styles of Burials are?

A
  1. Place body facing North
  2. Fractional Burials - Flesh left for animals and remaining buried
  3. Multi Burials - Both Men and Women
    (Indicating After Life)
  4. Urn Burials (Storage of Ashes in a pot)
21
Q

Weights and Measures are in multiples of?

A

16

Such as 16, 64, 160, 320, and so on

Observe: India till modern times used 1 rupee = 16 annnas

22
Q

Script and Language of Harappan?

A

Script: Pictographic (With fish dominant)
Language: Unknown

Note: The script is yet to be deciphered

Observe: Style of Harappan writings is Boustrophedon

23
Q

Importance of the Harappa Site?

A
  1. 6 Granaries
  2. Coffin Burial
  3. Red Sandstone Torso
  4. Stone Symbol of Female Genitals
24
Q

Importance of the Channhudaro Site?

A
  1. Known as Lancashire of India
  2. Factory Town (Largest number of copper implements found)
  3. No Citadel
  4. Bronze Bullock Cart
25
Q

Importance of the Mohenjodaro Site?

A
  1. Great Bath
  2. Great Granary
  3. Bearded Man
  4. Seal of Mother Goddess
  5. Seal of Pashupati
  6. Bronze Dancing Girl
26
Q

Importance of the Rupar Site?

A
  1. Stone and Soil Construction
  2. Dog Burial along with Human
27
Q

Importance of the Kalibangan Site?

A
  1. Ploughed field
  2. Wooden Furrow
  3. Seven Fire Altars
  4. Walled Citadel and Lower Town
  5. Bones of Camel
28
Q

Importance of the Lothal Site?

A
  1. Trading Town
  2. Artificial Dockyard
  3. Rice Husk
  4. 6 Grids
  5. Ships design on Seals
  6. Burial of Men and Female together
29
Q

Possible reasons for decline of Harappan Civilization?

A
  1. Advent of Aryans
  2. Decline of Trade
  3. Floods
  4. Economic Imbalance because of rapid population growth
30
Q

List of Important Sites of Harappan Civilization mapped with rivers

A
  1. Harappa - Ravi
  2. Mohenjodaro - Indus
  3. Lothal - Bhogava
  4. Kalibangan - Ghaggar
  5. Chanhudaro - Indus
  6. Sutkagendor - Dasht
  7. Banawali - Ghaggar
  8. Daimabad - Pravara
  9. Kotdiji - Sind
  10. Dholavira - N/A
  11. Surkotada - b/w Sabarmati & Bhogova
  12. Rakhigarhi - Saraswati & Drishadvati

AMAC (6 decks)

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