Hands and feet Flashcards
What is the commonest site of contact dermatitis
Hands
What is contact dermatitis
An eczema precipitated by an exogenous agent, often chemical
Who is contact dermatitis common in
those undertaking domestic chores, women with young children
in industry
What is allergic contact dermatitis an example of
cell-mediated hypersensitivity
What are some common allergens
chromate (cement, tanned leather, anticorrosives)
Colophonium (glue, varnish, polish)
Fragrance: cosmetics, creams, soaps, detergents
Nickel e.g Jewellery, zips, scissors
preservatives e.g. cosmetics, creams and oils
rubber chemicals, tyres, boots, shoes, belts, condoms, gloves
What is scabies
human infestation by the mite Sarcoptes scabei var. hominis
How is scabies transferred
direct physical
sexual contact
What is the characteristic feature of scabies
presence of burrows (irregular tortuous and slightly scaly tunnels in the epidermis)
ITCHING!!
What is Norwegian scabies
In institutionalised or immunosuppressed patients, large numbers of mites proliferate and produce the crusted eruption
What is the treatment for scabies
Malathion (prioderm) and permethrin (Lyclear Dermal Cream)
What technique for topical treatment of scabies is suggested
Apply the lotion or cream to the entire body surface from the neck down, paying special attention to the finger web spaces and under the fingernails
Leave the lotion on for 24 hours then wash off
A repeat after 1 week is suggested but usually unnecessary
What are the commonest causes of nail disease
fungal infection
trauma
psoriasis
What are Beau’s lines
transverse grooves
What is clubbing a sign of
cyanotic heart disease infective endocarditis lung carcinoma fibrosing alveolitis congenital
What is the cause of a blue-green nail
Pseudomonas infection
What is koilonychia
spoon-shaped depression of nail plate
What causes Koilonychia
Iron deficiency anaemia
lichen Plans
repeated exposure tot detergents
What is onycholysis
separation of nail form nail bed
What are causes of onycholysis
Psoriasis
fungal infection
trauma
What are causes of pitting in the nails
psoriasis
eczema
alopecia areata
lichen Plans
Describe the appearance of onychomycosis
thickened, crumbly and yellow nail plate with subungual hyperkeratosis
What are the most common benign cutaneous tumours
Warts (verrucae)
What are the cause of warts
infection of epidermal cells with HPV
How do common warts present
dome-shaped papules or nodules with a papilliferous surface
