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Thermodynamics > Handout 4 > Flashcards

Handout 4 Flashcards

1
Q

How do we define activities of a substance?

A

In terms of partial pressures or concentrations

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2
Q

What is the activity of a pure solid?

A

It is 1

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3
Q

How do we define solubility product for silver chloride for example?

A

Ksp=aAg+aCl

K=Ksp=aAgaCl/aAgCl

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4
Q

What conditions do we need to relate solubility product to concentrations?

A

For dilute solutions

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5
Q

What is the common ion effect?

A

If you add a high concentration of a salt which contains a common ion (and is soluble) then equilibrium is pushed to reactants.

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6
Q

What is coloumbs law?

A

F=q+q-/4pi(permittivity of vacuum)x relative permittivity x r^2

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7
Q

What are the conditions for an ideal solution?

A

no solute-solute interactions
no solute-solvent interactions
solvent-solvent interactions same as for pure solvent

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8
Q

what does gamma refer to?

A

ionic activity coefficient

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9
Q

What is value of ionic activity coefficient for ideal solutions?

A

The value is 1

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10
Q

What is units for molality?

A

mol/kg

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11
Q

what are the main contributors to a deviation from ideality for ionic activity coefficient?

A

ion concentration and charges on ions

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12
Q

Why do we define mean ionic activity?

A

Anions and cations cannot be studied separately

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13
Q

How do we define mean ionic activity?

A

(a+^v+a-^v-)^(1/(v+plusv-))

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14
Q

What is equation for ionic strength?

A

can be defined in terms of concentrations or molalities…
But is…
I=1/2sumciz^2/c(standard)

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15
Q

What is Dubye-Huckel limiting law?

A

log10gamma=-Aabsolute value z+z- I^1/2

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16
Q

What are conditions for standard hydrogen electrode?

A

1 bar, a=1, defined T

17
Q

How do we get Ecell?

A

Ered-Eox

18
Q

What is the convention for cell notation?

A

Reduction right side, oxidation left side

19
Q

Equation for electrical energy (w)?

A

w=-nFE

20
Q

What is value of Faraday constant?

A

F=96485Cmol-1

21
Q

What processes happen at cathode and anode?

A

Anode=oxidation

Cathode=reduction

22
Q

What is the Nernst equation?

A

Ecell=Ecell(standard)-RT/vFlnQ

23
Q

How can the Nernst equation be simplified at equilibrium?

A

E(standard)=RT/vFlnK

K=exp(vFE(standard)/RT)

24
Q

For a spontaneous reaction what is the value of E?

A

E>0

Thermodynamics (4 decks)

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