Handout 4 Flashcards
refers to the unique physical address of all computers, which are assigned by the manufacturer of the network interface card.
media access control address (MAC)
This is the first 24 bits of the MAC address that is vendor-specific; it Vendor Assigned identifies the company that manufactured or sold the device (e.g., network interface card, router parts
organizational unique identifier (OUI)
This is the remaining 24 bits of the MAC address that is incrementally and uniquely assigned by the specific vendor of the hardware-denotes the serial number of the individual device
vendor-assigned
refers to an address that is usually assigned by the network administrator or internet service provider in order to uniquely and universally Identify each device on an IP network
IP address
it is what computers use to find each other online and exchange information. It is assigned to the computer by the Internet Service Provider as soon as the computer is connected to the Internet gateway.
public IP address
- It is a fixed IP address and is used primarily for hosting web pages or services on the internet
static public IP address
it is chosen from a pool of available addresses and changes each time one connects to the Internet
dynamic public IP address
what computers on a network use to communicate with the router. It can change each time they are connected.
private IP address
identifies the host that is located on the same physical network
network ID/field
also known as a host address, identifies the individual host (e.g., workstation, server, router, or other TCP/IP host) within a network
host ID
This uses only the first octet (8 bits) of the 32-bit number to indicate the network address. The entire second to the fourth octet is used for host addresses, which is now equivalent to a total of 24 bits
class A address
uses two (2) of the four (4) octets (16 bits) to indicate the network address. The two other octets, which specify the host addresses, now have a total of 16 bits.
class B address
uses the first three octets (24 bits) of the IP address to identify the network portion, with the remaining octet reserved for the host portion, which is equivalent to eight (8) bits.
class C address
created to enable multicasting using an IP address. A multicast address is a unique address that directs packets with that destination address to predefined groups of hosts.
class D address
reserved by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) for its own research.
class E address
used for testing and debugging of programs, hardware, protocol, and connections. (SYN-ACK)
diagnostic (loopback/localhost address)
used for routing internet datagram (TCP).
default network
used for broadcasting messages to the entire network.
network broadcast
the preconfigured default IP addresses for network devices to extend IPv4 spaces (Home, Commercial, Enterprise)
private-use of internet space
If DHCP is not present, these IP addresses will be selected and configured by the network device.
link-local addresses
determines which portion of an IP address identifies the network and which portion identifies the host. Like the IP address, it is represented by four octets. The network bits are represented by the 1s in the network mask, and the node bits are represented by the Os.
subnet mask (default mask)
used to specify the address of the nearest routing device that is used by the host device to forward addressed packets onto the network
default gateway
it refers to a process of borrowing bits from the host ID field to form a new subnet ID field
subnetting
set of specifications designed by the IETF, which is an upgraded version of IPv4
internet protocol version 6 (IPv6)
other term for IPv6
IP next generation (IPng)
identifies an interface
unicast address
identifies multiple interfaces
multicast address
