Handout 4 Flashcards
Managers must decide on equipment to be used, including
conveyors, cranes, automated storage, retrieval systems, and automatic carts to deliver and store
material.
Material handling equipment
Managers must determine the personnel, machinery, and
equipment requirements prior to designing the layout for each component
Capacity and space requirements
Managers must consider layout decisions such as windows,
planters, and height of partitionsto facilitate air flow, reduce noise, and provide adequate privacy
among others
Environment and aesthetics
Managers must consider the importance of communication in layout
decisions that involve proximity of office spaces.
Flows of information
This positions workers, equipment, and spaces to encourage efficient movement
of information.
Office layout
This allocates shelf space and responds to consumer behavior
Retail layout
This addresses tradeoffs between space and material handling.
Warehouse layout
This addresses the layout requirements of large, bulky projects such as
ships and buildings.
Fixed-position layout
This deals with low volume but high variety of production
Process-oriented layout
This arranges machinery and equipment to focus on the production of a single
product or group of related products.
Work cell layout
This seeks the best personnel and machine utilization in repetitive or
continuous production.
Product-oriented layout
In process layout, the equipment and employees are arranged according to the
sequence of operations. For example, the filing section may be located to a room next to the
dispatch section and so on.
Process layout
In group layout, employees are placed in a separate partition where similar
activities are carried on, and office machinery are fitted with another section. For example, all
computers are fitted in a separate room, like a provisioned computer room.
Group Layout
The aisles
must be wide enough to accommodate traffic flowing in both directions. There must also be space for customers to stop near a product display and
park a cart without disrupting the flow of traffic.
Walking space
The layout must allow customers to enter from the front and be encouraged to walk to the
back of the store. This increases the amount of time that the customers spend in the store and
boosts the chances that they will buy more product.
Flow
The layout must place products at the proper eye level, which will help improve sales.
Different products must be placed on the eye level of their target customers. For instance, an
adult tennis racket must be placed at the adult’s eye level while a children’s toy must be placed
at a child’s eye level.
Eye level
The layout must strategically place display cases in the retail store since they act as
a countertop customer interaction area.
Display cases
The layout must provide an uninterrupted movement of materials, people, and traffic
within the building.
Movement
The layout must position all products on pallets or transport structures accessible
by everyone without the need to move one product to get to another.
Accessibility
The layout must take into consideration sufficient provisions for storage, stock, offices,
working areas, and empty pallet storage among others.
Space
A house built through the traditional practices of fixed-position layout would be
constructed on site with equipment, materials, and workers brought to the site.
Product version
An operating room is the service example of fixed-position layout where in the
patient remains stationary on the table or bed, and medical personnel along with the equipment
are brought to the site.
Service version
Process-oriented layout can handle a variety of processing requirements, which
facilitate efficient operation.
Flexibility
Process-oriented machines are less costly to purchase and easier to maintain than
specialized equipment.
Lower cost
