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Principles of Medical Laboratory Science > Handling and Processing of Blood Specimen for Laboratory Testing > Flashcards

Handling and Processing of Blood Specimen for Laboratory Testing Flashcards

1
Q

Special Handling

• (cold agglutinins, cyrofibrinogen, cryoglobulin)

A

Body Temperature

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2
Q

Special Handling

• (ACTH, ACE, ammonia, cathecholamines, free fatty acids, gastrin, glucagon, homocysteine, lactic acid, parathyroid hormone (PTH), pH / blood gas (if indicated), pyruvate, renin)

A

Chilled specimen

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3
Q

Special Handling

• (bilirubin, carotene, red cell folate, serum folate, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C, urine porphyrins, urine porphobilinogen

A

Light-sensitive specimen

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4
Q

Blood Specimen Processing order

A

IDENTIFIED
→→ LOGGED OR ACCESIONED
→→ SORTED BY DEPARTMENT AND TYPE OF PROCESSING
→→ EVALUATED FOR SPECIMEN SUTIABILITY WHICH IS NECESSARY TO GET ACCURATE RESULTS

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5
Q

Blood specimen
Any specimen will be rejected for the following reasons:

A
  1. Specimen is not identified properly.
  2. It has inadequate volume to complete the test.
  3. There is hemolysis.
  4. Wrong tube for collection is used 5. Tube used is outdated
  5. There is improper handling (improper mixing)
  6. The specimen is contaminated.
  7. Specimen is insufficient or “quality not sufficient” (QNS).
  8. Collection time is incorrect.
  9. Specimen is exposed to light.
  10. Procedure did not follow testing time limits
  11. There is a delay or error in processing.
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6
Q

Processing Specimen
DELIVERY TIME

Routine blood specimen – within __ minutes

A

45

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7
Q

Processing blood Specimen
DELIVERY TIME

Centrifugation – done in

A

1 hour

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8
Q

Processing blood Specimen
DELIVERY TIME

  • – should not be centrifuged
A

Lavender or purple stopper

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9
Q

– priority specimen in terms of transportation, processing and testing

A

STAT (emergency)

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10
Q

Collection Priorities

A
  1. Routine Samples
  2. Stat Samples
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11
Q
  • tests that are ordered by the health-care provider to diagnose and monitor a patient’s condition.
  • usually collected early in the morning but can be collected throughout the day during scheduled “sweeps” (collection times) on the floors or from outpatients.
A

Routine Samples

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12
Q
  • the sample is to be collected, analyzed, and results reported immediately.
  • highest priority and are usually ordered from the emergency department or for a critically ill patient whose treatment will be determined by the laboratory result.
  • The sample must be delivered to the laboratory promptly and the laboratory personnel notified.
A

Stat Samples

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13
Q

an apparatus that is used to separate cells, plasma, or serum of blood specimens.

A

centrifuge

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14
Q

Centrifugation is achieved by spinning the blood tubes inside the vessel at a high speed such that the centrifugal force will cause the of the __________ specimens.

A

separation

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15
Q
  • It must be noted that the tubes should be ________ in a centrifuge; tubes of the same size and volume of specimen should be placed _________ one another. The process of centrifugation should not be repeated.
A

balanced, opposite

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16
Q

– collected in tubes with anticoagulants ; this should be centrifuged immediately and without delay

A

Plasma specimen

17
Q

– needs to be completely clotted prior to centrifugation. (30 to 60 minutes at room temperature)

A

Serum specimen

18
Q

Composition of Blood

Total blood volume in an adult is 5 to 6 liters or 7 to 8% of the total body weight.

Blood is analyzed in the form of

A

whole blood, plasma, or serum

19
Q
  • liquid portion of anticoagulated blood
20
Q
  • liquid portion of clotted blood
21
Q

refers to a portion of a sample specimen

• taken for chemical analysis or testing. It is prepared when multiple tests are ordered on a single specimen. The preparation is done by transferring a portion of the specimen into one or more tubes that are labeled with the same information as the original specimen tube using a disposable transfer pipette. Specimens with different anticoagulants should not be put in the same aliquot tube. The phlebotomist must see to it that the tube is covered as soon as it is filled.

A

aliquot of specimen

22
Q

Blood Specimen of Concern

  1. hemolyzed specimens
  2. icteric specimens
  3. lipemic specimens
23
Q

Specimen of Concern

appear red because of the release of hemoglobin from RBCs

A

hemolyzed specimens

24
Q

Specimen of Concern

– appear yellow because of the presence of excess bilirubin

A

icteric specimens

25
Q

Specimen of Concern

  • are cloudy because of increased lipids
A

lipemic specimens

Principles of Medical Laboratory Science (5 decks)

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