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Handel Flashcards

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0
Q

When did handel die?

A

1759

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1
Q

Where and when was handel born?

A

Halle, saxony 1685

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2
Q

When was water music composed?

A

1717

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3
Q

Who was water music composed for?

A

For King George 1 at a royal procession

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4
Q

What was the purpose of water music?

A

To be regal and opulent, reflecting the majesty and position of the king and it had to please King George personally

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5
Q

Who made up the upper group of the orchestra?

A

1st and 2nd violins, violas, oboes and trumpets

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6
Q

Who made up the lower group of the orchestra?

A

Horns, cellos, double basses and bassoon (s)

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7
Q

What do the trumpets do to start the first movement?

A

Stride up the tonic chord followed by a flourish of semi-quavers on the dominant

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8
Q

What do the strings and oboes do in b1-5 of the 1st movement?

A

Move in unison down a d major scale

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9
Q

Who copys the scale played by the strings and oboes from b1-5 in b5-9?

A

The lower group, accompanied by bassoons and cello

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10
Q

Who is there antiphonal exchange between in b5-9?

A

Trumpets and horns

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11
Q

What happens at b37?

A

2 groups combine in a grand tutti

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12
Q

What ends the first movement?

A

Repeated perfect cadences

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13
Q

What links to the 2nd movement?

A

Oboe cadenza

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14
Q

What does the 1st movement end on?

A

A phyrigian cadence in b minor

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15
Q

What is an alla hornpipe?

A

Lively english countrydance, often heavily syncopated

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16
Q

What time signature is alla hornpipe in?

A

3/2

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17
Q

What is the structure of alla hornpipe?

A

Ternary form

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18
Q

What is the key in the a section of alla hornpipe?

A

D - A - D

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19
Q

What is the key in the b section of alla hornpipe?

A

Bm - Fsharp - Bm

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20
Q

What is the instrumentation on the A section of alla hornpipe?

A

Melody - trumpets, horns, violin 1/2, oboes
Harmonies - viola, violin 3
Bass line - cello, double bass and bassoon

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21
Q

What is the instrumentation in the B section of alla hornpipe?

A

Melody- oboes 1&2, violin 2
Countermelodies - violin 1
Harmonies - viola and violin 3
Bass line - cello, double bass and bassoon

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22
Q

Who doubles violin 1 and oboe 1 in alla hornpipe?

A

Violin 2 and oboe 2

23
Q

What happens in the last 9 bars of alla hornpipe?

A

No woodwind

24
Q

Who are silent in the opening of alla hornpipe?

A

Brass

25
Q

Who opens alla hornpipe?

A

Strings and woodwind

26
Q

Who joins at b11 of alla hornpipe?

A

Trumpets

27
Q

When are there perfect cadences in alla hornpipe?

A

B10-11 in d major
B26-27 in the dominant, a major
B38-39 in d major

ALL HAVE A HEMIOLA

28
Q

What key is the b section in?

A

B minor (relative minor) with modulation to the dominant (f sharp major) at b57

29
Q

What does violin 1 play in the b section of alla hornpipe?

A

An elaborate part which oboe 1 cannot always double

30
Q

what is added in the b section to thicken the harmony?

A

violin 3

31
Q

what instruments are silent throughout the b section?

A

trumpets and horns

32
Q

what happens from b66 onwards?

A

full scored until then, instruments gradually drop out from b66

33
Q

what happens at the end of the b section?

A

players return to the beginning (da capo) and repeat the 1st half of the piece and finishing at b39

34
Q

what is a minuet/menuet?

A

popular court dance in 3/4 time

35
Q

what is the structure or the minuet?

A

binary A (repeated) B (repeated) x2

36
Q

what is the key of minuet?

A

d major (diatonic)

37
Q

what was the texture of minuet?

A

homophonic

38
Q

what is the instrumentation of minuet?

A

melody: tpts 1, vln 1&2, oboe 1 & horn 1
harmony: in 3rds - violin 3, tpt 2, horn 2, oboe 2
harmonic filling: viola
bass line: cello, double bass and bassoon

39
Q

what instrument sounds an octave lower than written in minuet?

A

horns

40
Q

what do the brass play in the higher and lower registers?

A

higher register - stepwise

lower register - arpegios

41
Q

what happens in b1 of minuet?

A

all the instruments repeat the tonic chord except the bass line

42
Q

what is the whole piece punctuated by in minuet?

A

the drum-like rhythm in b7,11,15 &23

43
Q

what does b17-18 and b19-20 invite a contrast of in minuet?

A

dynamics - f and p

44
Q

what does lentement mean?

A

french term for ‘slowly’

45
Q

what is the lentement movement?

A

dance movement - dotted rhythm

SLOW GIGUE CALLED A LOURE

46
Q

what is the structure of lentement?

A

ABA - ternary form

47
Q

what is the key/keys of lentement?

A

A -D major
B - B minor > E minor
A -D major

48
Q

what is the structure of bouree?

A

binary (played thrice)

49
Q

what is the key of bouree?

A

D major - no modulation

50
Q

who plays the bouree the 1st time its played?

A

just strings

51
Q

who plays the bouree the 2nd time it is played?

A

brass + bassoon

52
Q

who plays the bouree the 3rd and final time it is played?

A

tutti + timpani

53
Q

what are the key characteristics of a bouree?

A

in 2, fast, anacrusis upbeat

54
Q

what instruments don’t play in the b section of lentement?

A

no brass - reduced texture of just oboes, strings and bassoon

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