Beethoven Flashcards
what was symphony no.6 initially referred to as?
as 5
When was the first performance?
22nd december 1808
what happened after the first performance?
the performance gained largely negative feedback including from Prince Lobkowitz
when were the instrumental parts published?
the instrumental parts were published in april 1809
what did beethoven do after the first performance?
made some changes to the score, some amendments were too late but added to later editions
where is the original manuscript?
in the state library in berlin
what does the eulenberg edition use?
german markings
what was added later?
the metrenome marking
outline sonata form
(intro) EXPOSITION (repeated) DEVELOPMENT RECAPITULATION (coda)
what did beethoven extend the importance and length of?
the coda
what was optional?
an introduction or coda, most composers rounded off with a coda & intro’s were not very common
where and in what key can the 1st subject (theme) be found?
exposition - c minor
what happens in the 2nd subject in exposition?
1 or more themes in the new key
what happens after the 1st subject in the exposition?
transition to the dominant
what does the exposition always end with?
in the dominant (or relative major) key with a repeat
- not all composers choose to repeat it
what commonly happens in the development?
composers often play with the theme from the exposition or introduce new ones
what did composers often do in the development?
they often took fragments of a theme, extending or shortening them, or changing instruments
does the music modulate in the development?
yes, sometimes several times.
what happens after the music has modulated in the development?
the return of the tonic is prepared by a dominant pedal
what doesn’t beethoven keep strictly to the development?
he starts at the beginning and continues through the recapitulation
what starts the recpaitulation?
1st subject (A) in the tonic with small differences
what follows the 1st subject in the recapitulation?
transition - illusion of modulating but altered to end in the tonic
in the recapitulation, what key is the 2nd subject (B) in?
the tonic
how did beethoven treat the coda?
as if it was a second development
what was added at the coda?
a ‘tail’ was added on the end
when is the exposition?
b1-124
where and in what key is the 1st subject? EXPOSITION
b1-21 - c minor
what is the 1st entry? EXPOSITION
monophonic
what is b22-52? EXPOSITION
the continuation of the 1st subject
what does the continuation do? EXPOSITION
starts developing already
what key is b22-52? EXPOSITION
remains in the tonic
when does the transition take place? EXPOSITION
b52-58
what is there in b52? EXPOSITION
a surprise chord = a diminished 7th
where and in what key is the 2nd subject (A)? EXPOSITION
b59-110 - relative major (e flat major)
who plays the opening of the 2nd subject? EXPOSITION
opening is 2 horns in unison which have developed from (A) but the falling interval is a 5th not a 3rd
what happens in b63-94 (b2)?
contrasting violin melody
when is the 3rd idea introduced and what is it? EXPOSITION
a b94, a tutti surge towards the perfect cadences starting at b110
what happens at b110?
repeated perfect cadences start
what happens before the repeat of the development?
two bar silence
when does the development start and finish?
b125-248
how does the development start? what does it reinforce in b125-179?
reinforces the principal idea of (A) - similar to the opening
what does (B1) start with?
a falling 5th (b179-182)
the principal idea is repeated 5 times - in what keys and when?
g major - b179-187
c major - b187-195
f minor - b195
what happens in b197-198? DEVELOPMENT
antiphonal minums
what does it rise chromatically from? DEVELOPMENT
b flat - d natural
what happens after a quiet passage? DEVELOPMENT
the theme begins. falling 3rd’s not 5th - single chord repeated from b238-248(1)
what does the return of (A) played ff indicate? DEVELOPMENT
indicates new section
when does the recapitulation start and finish?
b248-374
where and in what key is the 1st subject in the recapitulation?
b248-268 - TONIC (C minor)
what fills the original pause? RECAPITULATION
oboe cadenza fills original pause, highlighting the start
how does beethoven reaffirm the tonic key? RECAPITULATION
with a c minor chord with a chord in b302
what happens in b303-374?
2nd subject group as before but altered, to stay in the tonic key (c minor) and side steps to c major (b340-)
when is the coda?
b374-502
what is played across the orchestra? CODA
principal idea shared across the orchestra
what does the piece end with?
ends with 12 bars of perfect cadences in the tonic
what transition is made in b376-386?
tonic major - f minor
