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Ortho > hand/wrist > Flashcards

hand/wrist Flashcards

1
Q

most common peripheral nerve entrapment is called ________ and compresses which nerve?

A

CTS, median

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2
Q

What are the risk fx’s for development of CTS?

A

repetitive use, pregnancy, DM, hypothyroid, RA

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3
Q

What special tests help dx CTS?

A

Tinels, phalens, reverse phalens.

thenar wasting and NCV/EMG

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4
Q

What are some conservative tx’s of CTS?

A

splint, NSAIDS, B12, CS injection, activity modification

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5
Q

Commonly found soft tissue tumor of hand which is benign and treated with ______

A

Ganglion cyst, aspiration/sx/reassurance

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6
Q

trigger finger is caused by irritation of the ________, which can cause the finger to catch or lock in flexion or extension.

A

tendon

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7
Q

How do you tx trigger finger?

A

rest, splint, NSAID, injection, Sx

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8
Q

Pain with thumb movement while in position of ulner deviation is indicative of ________ and can be tested using the ______________

A

dequervains tenosynovitis, finklestein’s

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9
Q

How do you treat DeQuervains

A

ice, rest, injection, thumb spica split, sx release

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10
Q

This is a dz of the palmar fascia due to fibromatosis nodules which restrict tendon movement

A

dupuytren’s contracture

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11
Q

What type of fibroma occurs on the plantar side of the foot?

A

Ledderhose

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12
Q

What type of fibroma occurs on the knuckle pads of the fingers?

A

Garrod’s pads

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13
Q

What type of fibroma occurs on the penis causing a curvature?

A

Peyronies dz

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14
Q

How do you tx fibromatous contractures?

A

excision or injection of collagenase

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15
Q

What is typically the first joint to be affected by OA?

A

CMCJ, 1st digit

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16
Q

What are some history questions you could ask to see if someone has CMCJ DJD?

A

Pain/grinding with wringing out a cloth, opening a jar

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17
Q

How do you tx OA of the CMCJ?

A

splint, NSAIDS, injections, SUSPENSIONPLASTY

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18
Q

this can lead to mucous cysts and nail deformities

A

DJD of DIP

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19
Q

What is the definitive tx for DIP DJD?

A

joint fusion

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20
Q

What will you use to tx bacterial paronychia?

A

Bactrim, clinda, soaks, I&D

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21
Q

How will you tx fungal paronychia?

A

itraconazole or thymol

22
Q

Infection of the finger pulp

A

felon

23
Q

How do you tx felon?

A

I&D, watchful for OM (staph)

24
Q

4 Kanavel’s signs:

A

1) pain w/ passive extension
2) sausage
3) finger held in flexion
4) ttp of entire tendon sheath

25
Q

Kanavel’s sign indicates __________

A

flexor tenosynovitis

26
Q

What is the term for a “jammed finger”? What do you need to watch for?

A

mallet finger, watch for subluxated fx fragments

27
Q

How do you tx mallet finger?

A

full time splint x 6 weeks

sx if subluxated

28
Q

What is a complication of mallet finger?

A

swan neck deformity

29
Q

What pathogen is most common in a human bite? So what abx?

A

Eikenella, give PCN/Tetra/Cephalosporin

30
Q

What pathogen is most common in dogbite? What abx?

A

Pasturella, give Amox/Augmenting, Cipro

31
Q

what should you check if you suspect a phalangeal fx?

A

Rotational deformity (displacement)

32
Q

____________ is when the ulnar collateral ligament is torn or avulsed from the proximal phalanx of the thumb, when the thumb is forced back toward the forearm

A

gamekeeper’s thumb

33
Q

How do you tx non-displaced gamekeeper’s thumb?

A

Spica cast

34
Q

What is the term for when gamekeeper’s thumb requires surgery due to avulsed bone fragment that is displaced?

A

Stener’s Lesion

35
Q

Fracture of the 5th metacarpal neck is called ________ and tx is casting in the _________position.

A

Boxer’s Fx, short arm ulnar gutter cast

36
Q

Worst case scenario, a scaphoid fx can lead to __________. Scaphoid fx’s are common as a result of _________

A

avascular necrosis, FOOSH

37
Q

How do you treat scaphoid fx?

A

Thumb spica if non-displaced, ORIF if displaced. NEGATIVE XRAYS DON’T MEAN ANYTHING. Cast anyway and recheck xrays in 3 weeks.

38
Q

AVN of lunate is called:

A

Kienbocks Dz

39
Q

What is the most common Salter Harris fx?

A

II (also has best outcome)

40
Q

Salter Harris II

A

metaphysis

41
Q

Salter Harris IV

A

through

42
Q

SH V

A

crushed

43
Q

SH I

A

across growth plate

44
Q

SH III

A

epiphysis

45
Q

Which salter harris is missed the most and diagnosed as a sprain?

A

SH I

46
Q

What SH typically requires surgical intervention?

A

SH III, sometimes IV

47
Q

What’s another term for a torus fx?

A

buckle

48
Q

Who gets buckle fractures and how?

A

FOOSHing kids

49
Q

This is a fx of the distal radius with dorsal displacement following FOOSH

A

Colles

50
Q

This is a fx of the distal radius from palmer flexion (carrying baby)

A

Smith (reverse FOOSH)

51
Q

How do you treat both Smith and colles fx’s?

A

sugar tong splint

Ortho (10 decks)

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