Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ortho > foot/ankle > Flashcards

foot/ankle Flashcards

1
Q

what major muscle is responsible for foot eversion?

A

peroneus longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what major muscle is responsible for plantarflexion?

A

gastroc/soleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what major muscle is responsible for dorsiflexion?

A

anterior tibialis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what major muscle is responsible for foot inversion?

A

posterior tibialis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

this is what distal connection of the tibia to the fibula

A

syndesmosis joint (made up of AITFL, PITFL, and transverse ligament)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

nerve responsible for hip flexion

A

L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

nerve responsible for medial hamstring reflex

A

L5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nerve responsible for cremasteric and Babinski reflexes

A

S2-S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

positive anterior drawer sign of the ankle means what?

A

ATF sprain (anterior talofibular ligament)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

positive findings on the talar tilt test indicate what?

A

calcaneofibular ligament tear (lateral….pain with inversion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

In the _______ test, the patient is prone with feet dangling over the edge of the bed. Provider squeezes the gastroc and looks for the foot to ________. If this does not happen, it may indicate rupture of the ___________

A

Thompson test, plantarflex (normal), absence = Achilles tendon rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

during this test, the patient will experience reproduction of pain at a point away from the site of pain and suggests a fracture of syndesmotic injury

A

compression test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

This view of the ankle in plain film is taken at 15 degrees internal rotation

A

Mortise view

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

This view allows us to see tib/fib/talar joint

A

mortise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What tendon is exclusively lateral ankle?

A

peroneal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

whenever you suspect an ankle sprain/inversion injury and there’s ttp of the peroneal nerve, what must you ALWAYS do?

A

palpate the insertion at the 5th metatarsal for avulsion/fx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do you tx ankle sprain? (medial or lateral)

A

1) walking boot

2) PT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

which ankle ligament is strongly a/w the medial malleolus?

A

deltoid ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

If you suspect a medial ankle sprain/eversion injury and there’s ttp to the deltoid ligament, what must you ALWAYS do?

A

palpate the proximal fibula for avulsion/fx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Your patient has pain with dorsiflexion and resisted plantar flexion. There is ttp over the Achilles tendon. How will you treat?

A

Achilles tendonitis, tx with

1) walking boot with heel lift,
2) PT
3) NTG patch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How do you know if it’s Achilles tendonitis vs Achilles rupture?

A

1) acute onset
2) defect/gap
3) THOMPSON TEST

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the tx for an Achilles rupture?

A

short leg cast x 4 weeks, then walking boot.

sx for young athletes

23
Q

What tests should you do if you suspect a low leg stress fx?

A

compression test, xrays usually negative, do MRI

24
Q

What is common in the history of pts with stress fx?

A

shin splints

25
Q

what is the tx for stress fx?

A

No wt bearing x 6 weeks

26
Q

Your young patient felt a “pop” when he twisted his ankle playing soccer. You detect ttp on the lateral retinaculum (tendon sheath). When you evert the foot you can feel subluxation.

A

subluxating peroneal tendon

27
Q

what kind of imaging will you order for the subluxating peroneal tendon?

A

xray to r/u avulsion

28
Q

how will you tx a subluxating peroneal tendon?

A

SLC x 6 weeks for older, Surgical fixation of sheath in young

29
Q

What are the 3 types of distal fibula tx?

A

1) Weber A, below syndesmosis
2) Weber B, at level of syndesmosis
3) Above syndesmosis

30
Q

How will you tx the Weber levels?

A

A–SLWBC x 6 wks
B–non-displaced: SLC x 4 wks, WB x 4 wks
B–displaced: sx
C–sx

31
Q

This is a common foot fx, typically resulting from avulsion s/p inversion sprain (peroneus tendon)

A

proximal 5th metatarsal fx

32
Q

Where is the 5th metatarsal most likely to fx?

A

the styloid

33
Q

What do most pt’s say when they have a 5th metatarsal fx?

A

that they have sprained their ankles

34
Q

How do you treat a 5th metatarsal fx?

A

firm soled shoe or WB

35
Q

What is the term for a fx of the metaphyseal/diaphyseal junction of the 5th metatarsal, which makes wt bearing nearly impossible?

A

Jones fx

36
Q

How do you tx a Jone’s fx?

A

SLC x 6-10 wks or screw fixation

37
Q

This injury usually occurs in young athletes due to repetitive stress on lateral foot (bball, running). Characterized by gradual increase of pain. Poor healing w/out tx.

A

stress fx of 5th metaphyseal diaphysis.

38
Q

how would you tx the pseudo Jones fx (stress fx)?

A

SLC x 20 weeks or screw fixation

39
Q

Your patient is c/o terrible heel pain, especially bad in the morning. PE reveals ttp of the medial calcaneal tuberosity. How will you tx this patient?

A

Dx: plantar fasciitis, tx will heel cord stretching, inserts, overnight splints

40
Q

What is a history question you should be asking for any patient with plantar fasciitis?

A

Are they getting steroid injections, which cause atrophy of the fat pads

41
Q

What joint connects metatarsals to tarsals?

A

Lisfranc

42
Q

A Lisfranc injury typically occurs as a result of trauma/MVA/fall and will have a physical exam with significant ttp over the _______ joint causing pain/swelling on ___________ and ______ of the foot. Typically they have an inability to bear wt.

A

Lisfranc, plantar and dorsal

43
Q

How do you treat a Lisfranc Injury?

A

start with a non-walking boot, escalate to sx PRN

44
Q

Toe abnormality, commonly 2nd toe, that presents with flexion of PIP and exention of DIP

A

hammer toe

45
Q

How will you tx hammer toe and other “lesser toe” abnormalities?

A

footwear with wide toe, dorsal foot pad

or RFL to sx

46
Q

This toe abnormality presents with flexion of the DIP

A

mallet toe

47
Q

This problem is genetic, commonly affects females, and involves the lateral deviation of the big toe

A

hallux valgus aka bunion

48
Q

How will you tx hallux valgus?

A

wide low shoes, orthotics, night splint, sx

49
Q

This condition results from the loss of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot. It is common in kids and typically resolves

A

pes planus (aka flat feet)

50
Q

When would pes planus necessitate sx?

A

If the foot looses flexibility

51
Q

Pes planus places you at higher risk for developing __________

A

tibialis tendonitis/rupture

52
Q

This condition causes burning and tingling between interspaces of involved toes (2nd-4th most common)

A

Morton’s Neuroma compresses interdigital nerve

53
Q

The _______ sign is positive for patients with Morton’s neuroma, and is characterized by palpable clicks and ttp in the intermetatarsal web space

A

Mulder’s sign

54
Q

How do you tx a Morton’s neuroma

A

change footwear, injections, sx RFL

Ortho (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions