Hand Muscles Flashcards
Brachialis
A: Flex the elbow
O: Distal 1/2 of anterior surface of humerus
I: Tuberosity and coronoid process of ulna
N: Musculocutaneous, small branch from radial C5,6
Brachioradialis
A: Flex the elbow
-assist to pronate and supinate the forearm
O: Proximal 2/3 of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
I: Styloid process of radius
N: Radial C5,6
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus (ECRL)
A: Extend the wrist, Abduct the wrist -assist to flex the elbow O: Distal 1/3 of the lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus I: Base of 2nd metacarpal N: Radial C5,6,7,8
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis (ECRB)
A: Extend the wrist, Abduct the wrist -assist to flex the elbow O: Common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of humerus I: Base of 3rd metacarpal N: Radial C6,7,8
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris (ECU)
A: Extend the wrist, Adduct the wrist
O: Common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Base of 5th metacarpal
N: Radial C6,7,8
Extensor Digitorum (ED)
A: Extend the 2nd-5th fingers (MCP, IP joints)
-assist to extend wrist
O: Common extensor tendon from lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Bases of middle and distal phalanges of 2nd-5th fingers
N: Radial C6,7,8
Anconeus
A: Extend the elbow
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: Olecranon process and posterior, proximal surface of ulna
N: Radial C7,8
Extensor Indicis (EI)
A: Extend the 2nd finger, Adduct the 2nd finger
-assist to extend the wrist
O: Posterior surface of distal shaft of ulna and interosseous membrane
I: Tendon of the extensor digitorum at the level of the 2nd metacarpal
N: Radial C6,7,8
Flexor Carpi Radialis (FCR)
A: Flex the wrist, Abduct the wrist -assist to flex the elbow O: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus I: Bases of 2nd-3rd metacarpals N: Median C6,7,8
Palmaris Longus (PL)
A: Tense the palmar fascia, Flex the wrist
-assist to flex the elbow
O: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus
I: Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
N: Median C(6),7,8, T1
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU)
A: Flex the wrist, Adduct the wrist
-assist to flex the elbow
O: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus; posterior surface of proximal 2/3 of ulna
I: Pisiform, hook of hamate and base of 5th metacarpal
N: Ulnar C7,8, T1
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS)
A: Flex the 2nd-5th fingers (MCP, proximal IP joints), Flex the wrist
O: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collateral ligament, coronoid process of ulna, interosseous membrane, and proximal shaft of radius
I: Sides of middle phalanges of 2nd-5th fingers
N: Median C7,8, T1
Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP)
A: Flex the 2nd-5th fingers (MCP, distal IP joints)
-assist to flex the wrist
O: Anterior and medial surfaces of proximal 3/4 of ulna
I: Bases of distal phalanges, palmar surface of 2nd-5th fingers
N: 1st, 2nd is Median C7,8, T1; 3rd, 4th is Ulnar C7,8, T1
Pronator Teres (PT)
A: Pronate the forearm -assist to flex the elbow O: Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna I: Middle of lateral surface of radius N: Median C6,7
Pronator Quadratus (PQ)
A: Pronate the forearm
O: Medial, anterior surface of distal ulna
I: Lateral, anterior surface of distal radius
N: Median C7,8, T1
Supinator
A: Supinate the forearm
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament, and supinator crest of ulna
I: Anterior, lateral surface of proximal 1/3 of radial shaft
N: Radial C5,6,(7)
Abductor Pollicis Longus (APL)
A: Abduct the thumb, Extend the thumb, Abduct the wrist
O: Posterior surface of radius and ulna, and interosseous membrane
I: Base of 1st metacarpal
N: Radial C6,7,8
Extensor Pollicis Longus (EPL)
A: Extend the thumb (IP joint), Extend the thumb (MCP and CMC joint), Abduct the wrist
O: Posterior surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
I: Base of distal phalanx of thumb
N: Radial C6,7,8
Extensor Pollicis Brevis (EPB)
A: Extend the thumb (IP joint), Extend the thumb (MCP and CMC joint), Abduct the wrist
O: Posterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
N: radial C6, 7, 8
Flexor Pollicis Longus (FPL)
A: Flex the thumb (IP joint), Flex the thumb (MCP, CMC joint)
-assist to flex the wrist
O: Anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
I: Base of distal phalanx of thumb
N: Median C(6),7,8, T1
Abductor Pollicis Brevis (APB)
A: Abduct the thumb (CMC, MCP joint) -assist in opposition of thumb O: Flexor retinaculum, trapezium, and scaphoid tubercles I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb N: Median C6,7,8, T1
Flexor Pollicis Brevis (FPB)
A: Flex the thumb (CMC, MCP joint) -assist in opposition of thumb O: Flexor retinaculum; trapezium, trapezoid, and capitate I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb N: Median C6,7,8, T1; Ulnar C8, T1
Opponens Pollicis (OP)
A: Opposition of the thumb at the CMC joint
O: Flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium
I: Entire length of 1st metacarpal bone, radial surface
N: Median C6,7,8, T1
Adductor Pollicis (AP)
A: Adduct the thumb (CMC, MCP joint) -assist to flex thumb (MCP joint) O: Captiate, 2nd-3rd metacarpals I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb N: Ulnar C8, T1
Lumbricals of the Hand
A: Extend the 2nd-5th fingers at IP joint, Flex the 2nd-5th fingers at the MCP joint
O: Surfaces of the flexor digitorum profundus tendons
I: Extensor aponeurosis on dorsal surface of phalanges
N: 2nd, 3rd is Median C(6), 7,8, T1; 4th, 5th is Ulnar C(7), 8, T1
Palmar Interossei
A: Adduct the thumb, 2nd, 4th, 5th fingers toward 3rd finger
-assist to flex & extend thumb, 2nd, 4th, 5th fingers at MCP & IP (respectively)
O: Base of 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals
I: Base of the proximal phalanx of the related finger and the extensor aponeurosis
N: Ulnar C8, T1
Dorsal Interossei
A: Abduct the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th fingers at MCP joint
-assist to flex & extend 2nd, 3rd, and 4th fingers at the MCP & IP joints (respectively)
O: Adjacent sides of all metacarpals
I: Base of the proximal phalanx of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th fingers and extensor aponeurosis
N: Ulnar C8, T1
Abductor Digit Minimi (ADM)
A: Abduct the 5th finger
-assist in opposition of 5th finger toward thumb
O: Pisiform and tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris
I: Base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger, ulnar surface
N: Ulnar C(7),8, T1
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis (FDMB)
A: Flex the 5th finger
-assist in opposition of the 5th finger toward thumb
O: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
I: Base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger, palmar surface
N: Ulnar C(7),8, T1
Opponens Digiti Minimi (ODM)
A: Opposition of the 5th finger at the CMC joint
O: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaclum
I: Shaft of 5th metacarpal, ulnar surface
N: Ulnar C(7),8, T1
