Hand MMT Flashcards
Muscles involved MCP extension
extensor digitorum, extensor indicis, extensor digiti minimi
Extensor digitorum OII
Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion: extensor expansions of digits 2-5
innervation: deep radial nerve
compensation for MCP extension
Tendonesis action of wrist flexors
Muscles involved in MCP Flexion
lumbricals , interossei
OII of lumbricals
Origin: FDP tendon
insertion: extensor expansions of digits 2-5
innervation: digits I and 2 = median nerve,
digits 3 and 4 = deep branch of ulnar nerve
compensation of MCP flexion
leading with fingertips uses FDP and FDS
Muscles involved in PIP flexion
flexor digitorum superficialis
FDS OII
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus, anterior radius
insertion: middle phalanges of digits 2-5
innervation: median nerve
compensations of PIP flexion
If the DIP joints are not being held in extension, fingers will use FDP instead of FDS
Muscles involved in DIP flexion
flexor digitorum profundus
FDP OII
Origin: medial ulna and interosseus membrane
insertion: distal phalanges of digits 2-5
innervation: digits 2 and 3 = median nerve, digits 4 and 5 = ulnar nerve
compensation of DIP flexion
- if patient extends DIP joint then relaxes, it may look like active finger flexion
- Tendonesis action of wrist extension
Muscles involved in finger abduction
Dorsal interossei
Dorsal interossei OII
Origin: sides of the metacarpals
insertion: extensor expansions of digits 2-4
innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve
compensations of finger abduction
Using finger extensors instead
Muscles involved in finger adduction
Palmar interossei
Palmar interossei OII
Origin.: palmar surfaces of metacarpals 2,4, and 5
insertion: extensor expansions of digits 2,4, and 5
innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve
Compensation of finger adduction
Use of finger flexors instead
Muscles involved Thumb adduction
Adductor pollicis
Adductor Policis OII
Origin: transverse head = shaft of 3rd metacarpal, oblique head = base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal
insertion: medial side of base of thumb proximal phalanx
innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve
Compensation for grades 3-5 thumb adduction
if thumb clears the other fingers, thumb extensor would be used instead
compensation for grade 2 thumb adduction
Using thumb flexors instead
Muscles involved in thumb abduction
Abductor pollicis longus and abductor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis brevis OII
Origin: flexor retinaculum, scaphoid, trapezium
insertion: lateral side of thumb proximal phalanx
innervation: recurrent branch of median nerve
Compensation for thumb abduction using APL
Using extensors
Compensation for thumb abduction using APB
bringing thumb out to the side would use APL
Isolate APL
3,4,5= forearm in mid-position, thumb starting against index finger (adducted)
2=palm on table, thumb adducted
isolate APB
3,4,5= palm facing up, thumb starting in line with index finger
2=hand in mid-position ,thumb starts next to index finger
Muscles involved in opposition
opponens digiti minimi, opponens pollicis
Opponens digiti minimi OII
origin: flexor retinaculum and hamate
insertion: medial border of 5th metacarpal
innervation: deep branch of ulnar nerve
compensation of opposition
going tip to tip instead of pad to pad uses thumb and pinky flexors instead