hand instruments Flashcards
how did GV Black order instruments?
according to ORDER names, SUBORDER names, CLASS names, and SUBCLASS names.
order names
denote the purpose for which the instrument is to be used
suborder names
define the manner or position of use of the instrument.
class names
describe the working point of the instrument, such as spoon excavator.
subclass names
indicate the angle of the shank.
instrument formula
devised by Dr G V Black
allows instruments to be readily duplicated anywhere
e.g. gingival margin trimmer is 15-95-8-12R
first 2 digits of the instrument formula
the width of the blade in tenths of a millimetre
third and fourth digits of the instrument formula
length in millimetres
fifth digit digits of the instrument formula
the angle which the blade forms with axis of the handle
expressed in hundredth of a circle (100 gradations or centigrades)`
sixth and seventh digits of the instrument formula
cutting edge angle to the length of the blade
express in centigrades
handle letter digits of the instrument formula
one of pair made in rights and lefts in order to work more effectively
4 parts of hand instruments
- handle
- shank
- blade and cutting edge
or - nib and point
handle
longest part of hand instrument where it is held
shank
joins the handle to the blade or nib
blade and cutting edge
in cutting instruments
nib and point
in non-cutting instruments
double ended instruments
each end mirrors the other end in shape
3 uses of mirrors
- viewing intra-orally
- soft tissue retraction
- protection
5 uses of probes
- Caries detection
- Point focus
- Surface testing
- Manipulation of objects
- Retraction
use of tweezers
- handling small objects
3 uses of excavators
- caries excavation
- material removal
- shaping and contouring restoratives
2 uses of chisels
- finishing cavo-surface margin angles and enamel surfaces
- removal of unsupported enamel prisms
2 uses of gingival margin trimmers/hatchets
- finishing cavo-surface margin angles and enamel surfaces
- removal of unsupported enamel prisms
use of plastics
manipulation fo shapeable filling materials
