Hand & Brachial plexus Flashcards
What are the names of the carpal bones?
scaphoid,lunate,hamate,pisiform,triquetum,trapezoid and trapezium, capitate
What are the bones that form the proximal row of the carpal bones?
scaphoid,lunate,pisiform and triquetum
What is the most common fracture in the carpal bones?
scaphoid
What are the carpal bones that articulate with the radius?
scaphoid,triquetum and lunate
What are the bones that form the distal row of the carpal bones?
trapmezium,trapezoid,capitate and hamate
Scaphoid shape?
boat
Lunate shepe?
moon/crescent
triquetum shape?
triangular
pisiform shape?
pea
Which is the carpal bone located under the thumb ?
trapezium
How many metacarpals are there?
5
How many phalanges does the thumb have?
2
What phalange is not present in the thumb?
middle
How many phalanges are present in the hand?
14
Which carpal bone is four sided?
trapezium
Which carpal bone is termed as the round bone?
capitate
Which carpal bone is termed as the hooked bone?
hamate
Which is the most fractured metacarpal bone?
5th metacarpal (pinky bone)
How many phalanges are in each digit?
3 except in the thumb (2)
Which is the phalange is the most often fractured?
distal phalange located in the middle finger
Carpal bones provide _______ to the wrisgt joint?
flexion,extension and gliding movements
What are the joints of the hand?
1.carpometacarpal(CMC)
2.metacarpopjalangeal (MCP)
3. proximal interphalangeal (PIP)
4. distal interphalangeal (DIP)
The thumb has how many interphalangeal joints?
only 1 (others have 2)
CMC (Carpometacarpal) joint is what type?
saddle
MCP (metacarpophalangeal) joint is what type of joint?
condyle
PIP/DIP (proximal interphalangeal) and (distal interphalangeal) joint are what type of joint?
hinge
What are the ligaments present in the carpometacarpal joint?
Capsule(gliding movement)
palmar and dorsal (dorsa ligament is the strongest)
interosseous
Palmar ligaments is located at the ______?
top
Thumb Joint is a ________?
saddle joint
Ligaments of the thumb joint?
capsule
palmar and dorsal
interosseous
What are the ligaments of the thumb for?
allow flexion,extension,abduction,adduction and circumduction
Thumb joint is a common site of?
arthritis
Ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joint?
capsule
radial and ulnar collaterals
palmar(volar) plate
What are the ligaments of the metacarpphalangeal for?
capsule: flexion,extension,abduction,adduction and circumduction
radial and ulnar collaterals: tight in flexion and loose in extension
palmar (volar) plate : broken digit(cast in flexion or ligament will be shorten)
Ligaments of the interphalangeal joints?
capsule : felxion and extension
collaterals : oriented obliquely
palmar (volar) plate: orevents hyperextension
Intrisic hand muscles carry out?
fine precision movements
forearm muscles + tendons perform more of ___?
powerful hand movements such as gripping objects
Intrinsic hand muscles are mainly innnervated by?
ulnar nerve
Thenar muscles and 2 lateral lumbricals are innervated by ?
median nerve
Intrinsic hand muscles are divided into?
thenar (thumb)
hypothenar(pinky)
Thenar eminence includes which muscles?
flexor pollis brevis
abductor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis
Thenar eminence is innervated by which nerve?
median nerve
Hypothenar eminence is innervated by which nerve?
ulnar nerve
Hypothenar eminence includes which muscles?
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
abductor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi
Long tendons pass through the hands surrounded by _______ sheath?
synovial sheath
Long tendons that reach the digits there is a ________ sheath?
fibrous digital sheath(binds them to the phalanges)
Thenar and midpalmar spaces in the hand can be ___?
infected and distended
Anatomical suffbox?
extensor pollicis longus(medially)
abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis(laterally)
Floor of the snuffbox contains which artery?
radial artery
Long flexor tendons ?
flexor digitorium superficialis and profundus
*superficialis tendon allows profundus to reach distal phalanx