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Block 5 MSK > Hand & Brachial plexus > Flashcards

Hand & Brachial plexus Flashcards

1
Q

What are the names of the carpal bones?

A

scaphoid,lunate,hamate,pisiform,triquetum,trapezoid and trapezium, capitate

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2
Q

What are the bones that form the proximal row of the carpal bones?

A

scaphoid,lunate,pisiform and triquetum

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3
Q

What is the most common fracture in the carpal bones?

A

scaphoid

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4
Q

What are the carpal bones that articulate with the radius?

A

scaphoid,triquetum and lunate

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5
Q

What are the bones that form the distal row of the carpal bones?

A

trapmezium,trapezoid,capitate and hamate

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6
Q

Scaphoid shape?

A

boat

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7
Q

Lunate shepe?

A

moon/crescent

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8
Q

triquetum shape?

A

triangular

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9
Q

pisiform shape?

A

pea

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10
Q

Which is the carpal bone located under the thumb ?

A

trapezium

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11
Q

How many metacarpals are there?

A

5

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12
Q

How many phalanges does the thumb have?

A

2

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13
Q

What phalange is not present in the thumb?

A

middle

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14
Q

How many phalanges are present in the hand?

A

14

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15
Q

Which carpal bone is four sided?

A

trapezium

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16
Q

Which carpal bone is termed as the round bone?

A

capitate

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17
Q

Which carpal bone is termed as the hooked bone?

A

hamate

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18
Q

Which is the most fractured metacarpal bone?

A

5th metacarpal (pinky bone)

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19
Q

How many phalanges are in each digit?

A

3 except in the thumb (2)

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20
Q

Which is the phalange is the most often fractured?

A

distal phalange located in the middle finger

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21
Q

Carpal bones provide _______ to the wrisgt joint?

A

flexion,extension and gliding movements

22
Q

What are the joints of the hand?

A

1.carpometacarpal(CMC)
2.metacarpopjalangeal (MCP)
3. proximal interphalangeal (PIP)
4. distal interphalangeal (DIP)

23
Q

The thumb has how many interphalangeal joints?

A

only 1 (others have 2)

24
Q

CMC (Carpometacarpal) joint is what type?

A

saddle

25
Q

MCP (metacarpophalangeal) joint is what type of joint?

A

condyle

26
Q

PIP/DIP (proximal interphalangeal) and (distal interphalangeal) joint are what type of joint?

A

hinge

27
Q

What are the ligaments present in the carpometacarpal joint?

A

Capsule(gliding movement)
palmar and dorsal (dorsa ligament is the strongest)
interosseous

28
Q

Palmar ligaments is located at the ______?

A

top

29
Q

Thumb Joint is a ________?

A

saddle joint

30
Q

Ligaments of the thumb joint?

A

capsule
palmar and dorsal
interosseous

31
Q

What are the ligaments of the thumb for?

A

allow flexion,extension,abduction,adduction and circumduction

32
Q

Thumb joint is a common site of?

A

arthritis

33
Q

Ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal joint?

A

capsule
radial and ulnar collaterals
palmar(volar) plate

34
Q

What are the ligaments of the metacarpphalangeal for?

A

capsule: flexion,extension,abduction,adduction and circumduction
radial and ulnar collaterals: tight in flexion and loose in extension
palmar (volar) plate : broken digit(cast in flexion or ligament will be shorten)

35
Q

Ligaments of the interphalangeal joints?

A

capsule : felxion and extension
collaterals : oriented obliquely
palmar (volar) plate: orevents hyperextension

36
Q

Intrisic hand muscles carry out?

A

fine precision movements

37
Q

forearm muscles + tendons perform more of ___?

A

powerful hand movements such as gripping objects

38
Q

Intrinsic hand muscles are mainly innnervated by?

A

ulnar nerve

39
Q

Thenar muscles and 2 lateral lumbricals are innervated by ?

A

median nerve

40
Q

Intrinsic hand muscles are divided into?

A

thenar (thumb)
hypothenar(pinky)

41
Q

Thenar eminence includes which muscles?

A

flexor pollis brevis
abductor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis

42
Q

Thenar eminence is innervated by which nerve?

A

median nerve

43
Q

Hypothenar eminence is innervated by which nerve?

A

ulnar nerve

44
Q

Hypothenar eminence includes which muscles?

A

Flexor digiti minimi brevis
abductor digiti minimi
opponens digiti minimi

45
Q

Long tendons pass through the hands surrounded by _______ sheath?

A

synovial sheath

46
Q

Long tendons that reach the digits there is a ________ sheath?

A

fibrous digital sheath(binds them to the phalanges)

47
Q

Thenar and midpalmar spaces in the hand can be ___?

A

infected and distended

48
Q

Anatomical suffbox?

A

extensor pollicis longus(medially)
abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis(laterally)

49
Q

Floor of the snuffbox contains which artery?

A

radial artery

50
Q

Long flexor tendons ?

A

flexor digitorium superficialis and profundus
*superficialis tendon allows profundus to reach distal phalanx

Block 5 MSK (4 decks)

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