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Block 5 MSK > Arm and Cubital Fossa > Flashcards

Arm and Cubital Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Elbow joint is composed of ?

A

humeralradial joint and the humeralulnar joint and proximal radial-ulnar joint

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2
Q

Humeralradial joint is what type of joint?

A

condyle

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3
Q

Humeralulnar joint is what type of joint?

A

hinge

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4
Q

What are the movements of the humeralradial joint?

A

extension
flexion
abduction
adduction
circumduction(limited)

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5
Q

What are the movements of the humeralulnar joint?

A

flexion and extension

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6
Q

Proximal radial-ulnar joint is what type of joint?

A

pivot joint

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7
Q

What are the movement of the proximal radial-ulnar joint?

A

pronation and supination

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8
Q

Radial collateral ligament is medial or lateral?

A

lateral

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9
Q

Ulnar collateral ligament is medial or lateral?

A

medial

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10
Q

What is the articulate capsules in the elbow joint function?

A

-surrounds the whole joint
-provides ability to be able to flex and extend(ulna)
-located at the capitulum of the humerus to head off the radius(radius)

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11
Q

Where does the ulnar collateral ligament attach to the humerus?

A

medial epicondyle up to the coronoid process and olecranon of the ulna

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12
Q

What is a characteristic of the ulnar collateral ligament?

A
  • it is a triangular ligament and divides into (anterior,oblique and posterior)
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13
Q

Where does the radial collateral ligament attach to the humerus?

A

lateral epicondyle upto the radial notch of the ulna and anular ligament

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14
Q

Which Collateral ligament is weaker? Radial or Ulna

A

Radial collateral ligament

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15
Q

What is a characteristic of the radial collateral ligament?

A

provides posterior, lateral stability

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16
Q

What is the ligament present in the humeral-ulnar joint?

A

capsule and ulnar collateral ligament

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17
Q

What is the ligament present in the humeral-radial joint?

A

capsule and radial collateral ligament

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18
Q

What is the ligament present in the proximal radial-ulnar joint ?

A

Anular ligament

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19
Q

Where does the anular ligament attach to ?

A

radial head and radial notch of the ulna

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20
Q

What is a characteristic of the anular ligament?

A

keeps radial head attach to radial notch
-allows pronation and supination(pivot)

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21
Q

Arm is divided into what 2 compartments?

A

anterior(flexor)
posterior (extensors)

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22
Q

What is the structure that divides the arm compartment into anterior and posterior compartment?

A

intermuscular septa

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23
Q

Intermuscular septa divides into?

A

lateral and medial

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24
Q

Intermuscular septa attaches to…?

A

medially and laterally to the muscles

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25
Q

Anterior compartment of the arm are primarly?

A

flexors of the forearm at the elbow

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26
Q

Anterior compartment of the arm are secondarly?

A

flexors of the arm at the shoulder(related to biceps and coracobrachialis)

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27
Q

What is the function of the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

-flex forearm and supination (using biceps brachi only)

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28
Q

The anterior compartment of the arm is innervated by which nerve?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

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29
Q

What is the blood supply of the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

brachial artery and its muscular branches

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30
Q

Where does the brachial artery come from?

A

brachialis plexus

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31
Q

What are the muscles involved in the anterior compartment?

A

biceps brachi
brachialis
coracobrachialis

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32
Q

Which is the muscle that is reffered to as the “feeding muscle”?

A

biceps brachi

33
Q

What is the origin of the biceps brachii?

A

short head= coracoid process of the scapula(more anterior)(medial)
long head = (lateral) supraglenoid tubercule of the scapula

34
Q

What is the insertion of the short biceps brachii?

A

tuberosity of radius (short head)
Bicipital aponeurosis (fascia of the forearm)

35
Q

Which nerve innervates the bicep brachialis?

A

Musculotaneous nerve(C5-C6)

36
Q

What are the main actions of the bicep brachialis?

A

Flex and supinates forearm
Flexes forearm at elbow

37
Q

What is the origin of the brachialis muscle?

A

distal half of the anterior humerus

38
Q

What is the insertion of the brachialis muscle?

A

coronoid process and tuberosity of the ulna

39
Q

What is the nerve that innervates the brachialis muscle?

A

musculocutaneous nerve(C5-C6) and radial nerve (C7)

40
Q

What are the main actions of the brachialis muscle?

A

flex forearm at the elbow position in all positions

41
Q

Is the brachialis muscle under the bicep brachii muscle?

A

TRUE (brachialis muscle is located posterior to the short/long head of the bicep brachii muscle)

42
Q

What is the origin of the coracobrachialis muscle?

A

Tip of the coracoid process of the scapula

43
Q

Is the coracobrachialis located near the bicep brachii short head?

A

True (it is located besides it (coraco is more medial than bicep brachii short head)

44
Q

Whta is the insertion of the coracobrachialis muscle?

A

middle third of the humerus

45
Q

What is the nerve that innervates the coracobrachialis muscle?

A

musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7)

46
Q

What are the main actions of the coracobrachialis muscle?

A

flex and adduct arm at the shoulder

47
Q

When a person takes food from the plate he is extending and prontation, while when he drags food to his mouth he is flexing and suppinating.

What is the compartment being used, and what is the muscle being used?

A

anterior compartment and bicep brachiii (known as the feeding muscle)

48
Q

Which is the muscle that resists downwars dislocation

A

coracobrachialis muscle

49
Q

Posterior compartment of the Arm is primarly?

A

extensors of the forearm at the elbow

50
Q

The blood supply of the posterior compartment of the arm is?

A

deep artery of the arm - Profunda brachii and its muscular branches

51
Q

What is the muscle involved in the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Triceps brachii and anconeus

52
Q

What is the origin of the triceps brachii?

A

Long head= infraglenoid tubercule of scapula
-Lateral head=posterior surface of the humerus
-Medial head=posterior surface of the humerus and inferior to the radial groove

53
Q

Tricep brachii divides into?

A

lateral head, medial head and long head

54
Q

What is the insertion of the tricep brachii?

A

posterior surface of the olecron of the ulna and fascia of the forearm

55
Q

What is the nerve that innervates the posterior comaprtment of the arm?

A

radial nerve (C6-C8)

56
Q

What is the main function of the tricep brachii?

A

extend forearm at elbow
-stabilizes head of the humerus

57
Q

Long head of the tricep is ____________ and short head of tricep is __________?

A

medial and lateral(lateral triceps)

58
Q

What is the origin of anconeus muscle?

A

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

59
Q

What is the insertion of the anconeous muscle?

A

lateral surface of the olecranon and superior part of the posterior surface of the ulna

60
Q

What is the nerve that innervates the anconeous muscle?

A

Radial nerve (C6-C8)

61
Q

What is the main action of the anconeous muscle?

A

Assists tricep brachii in extending the elbow and abducts ulna during pronation

62
Q

Long head of the tricep brachii helps with stabilizing the shoulder joint and preventing?

A

dislocation

63
Q

What is the cubital fossa?

A

fossa in the anterior region of the elbow

64
Q

Cubital fossa is demarcated by?

A

pronator teres muscle(medially)
brachioradialis muscle (laterally)

65
Q

The floor of the cubital fossa is formed by?

A

brachioradialis muscle

66
Q

What is the nerve and the artery that transverse the cubital fossa?

A

brachial artery and the median nerve

67
Q

What covers the median nerve and the brachial artery that transverse the cubital fossa?

A

bicipital aponeurosis

68
Q

Joint Injuries:
Dislocations of the Arm can be accompanied by fractures of ?

A

humeral medial epicondyle,olecranon(ulna),radial head or coronoid process of the ulna

69
Q

Joint Injuries: Disslocation of the Arm can involve which nerves?

A

median and ulnar nerve(most common)

70
Q

Joint Injuries: What happens during a posterior dislocation of the arm ?

A

prominence of the olecranon and the humerus bone will be displaced anteriorly

71
Q

Joint injuries in the arm region is due to ?

A

falls on a unstretched hand

72
Q

Joint Injuries:
What are the types of arm disslocations?

A

-anterior(rare) = can cause laceration to the brachial artery
-posterior (common)= olecranon prominent and humerus anteriorly displaced
-lateral(uncommon)
-medial(very rare)

73
Q

Bone injuries of the arm ?

A

humerus fracture(surgical neck)(older patients)

74
Q

Humerus fractures can occur in ?

A

-proximally =(humeral head/surgical neck)(lesser tuberosity or greater tuberosity)
-midshaft=usually heal good but can cause entrapment of the radial nerve

75
Q

Why does the midshaft humerus fracture involve the radial nerve being entraped?

A

because it spirals around arm to reach tricep brachii of the posterior compartment

76
Q

Tendon injuries in the arm region involve which muscle?

A

bicep brachi muscle rupture ( associated with rotator cuff injuries)(tendon can undergo degenerative changes which can be a problem with weight lifters )

77
Q

Which bicep brachii muscle, long head or short head are the most common tendon to rupture?

A

long head of the bicep brachi

78
Q

What are the locations that the long head of the bicep brachii tendon can rupture?

A

-shoulder joint
-intertubercular(bicipital) sulcus of the humerus
-musculotendinous junction

Block 5 MSK (4 decks)

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