Hand

Question 1

Intrinsic hand muscles

-organization

Answer 1

5 compartments

• thenar compartment (3)
• adductor compartment (1)
• hypothenar compartment (3)
• central compartment
• interosseous compartments (separate)

Question 2

Thumb Movement

Answer 2

• Extension: extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis longus
• Flexion: flexor pollicis longus, flexor pollicis brevis
• Abduction: abductor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis brevis
• Adduction: adductor pollicis, 1st dorsal interosseous
• Opposition: opponens pollicis
• occurs at carpometacarpal joint (bring tip of thumb in contact with 5th finger, or any fingers involves more than just this muscle alone)

Question 3

Arteries of Hand

Answer 3

• Superficial Palmar Arch
• Deep Palmar Arch
• Common Palmar Digital
• Proper Palmar Digital
• Princess Pollicis
• Radialis Indicis
• Dorsal carpal Arch

Question 4

Ulnar Artery in Hand

Answer 4

-enters hand anterior to flexor retinaculum between pisiform and hook of hamate via ulnar (Guyon) canal.
-lateral to ulnar nerve
-divides into 2 terminal branches:
*superficial palmar arch => 3 common palmar digital arteries
+ (anastomose)
*deep palmar arch => palmar metacarpal arteries
**each common palmar digital artery => 2 (6 total) proper palmar digital arteries
-run adjacent sides of 2nd-4th digits

Question 5

Radial Artery in Hand

-course

Answer 5

• curves dorsally around scaphoid and trapezium to cross the floor of the anatomical snuff box
• enters palm by passing between heads of 1st dorsal interosseous muscle and then turns medially, passing between the heads of the adductor pollicis.
• ends by anastomosing with deep branch of ulnar artery to form the deep palmar arch.

Question 6

Deep palmar arch

Answer 6

-formed mainly by radial artery
-lies across metacarpals (just distal to their bases)
=> 3 palmar metacarpal arteries + princess pollicis a.
*radialis indicis a. passes along the lateral side of the index finger
-usually arises from radial a., but may originate from the princess pollicis

Question 7

Veins of Hand

Answer 7

• Superficial and Deep Venous Palmar arches => Deep veins of forearm
• Dorsal digital veins => 3 dorsal metacarpal veins - unite to form dorsal venous network
• lateral side as the cephalic vein
• medial side as the basilic vein

Question 8

Nerves of Hand

Answer 8

• median n.
• ulnar n.
• radial n.