Hand

Question 1

Flexor retinaculum

Answer 1

Laterally it attaches to the tubercles of the scaphoid and the trapezium
Mediately it attaches to the pisoform and the hook of the hamate

Question 2

What structures lie superficial to the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 2

1) Ulnar nerve
2) Ulnar artery
3) Palmar cutaneous branch of
the ulnar nerve
4) Palmaris longus tendon
5) Palmar cutaneous branch of
the median nerve

Question 3

What structures has deep to flex your retinaculum?

Answer 3

1) Flexor digitorum
superficialis tendons
2) Median nerve
3) Flexor pollicis
longus tendon
4) Flexor carpi radialis

Question 4

Extensor retinaculum

Answer 4

Medially it attaches to the triquetrum and the pisiform.
Laterally it attaches to the anterior border of the radius

Question 5

What structures past superficial the extensor retinaculum?

Answer 5

1) Dorsal cutaneous
branch of the ulnar
nerve
2) Basilic vein
3) Cephalic vein
4) Superficial branch of
the radial ner

Question 6

What structures pass deep to the extensor retinaculum?

Answer 6

1) Extensor carpi ulnaris
tendon
2) Extensor digiti minimi
tendon
3) Extensor digitorum and
extensor indicis tendons
4) Extensor pollicis longus
tendon
5) Extensor carpi radialis
longus and brevis tendons
6) Abductor pollicis longus
and the extensor pollicis
brevis tendons

Question 7

Carpal tunnel

Answer 7

It is a fiber-osseus canal on the anterior side of the wrist
Superiorally it is made by the flexor retinaculum inferiorly. It is made by the carpal arch of the carpal bones.

Roof - flexor retinaculum
Base - carpal arch
Sides - laterally by the tubercles of the trapezium and scaphoid, by the hook of hamate and pisoform

Question 8

What structures pass through the carpal tunnel?

Answer 8

1) Tendons of FDS
2) Tendons of FDP
3) Tendon of FPL
4) Median nerve

Question 9

Palmer Aponeurosis

Answer 9

The palmar aponeurosis is a triangular thickening of deep fascia that covers the palm

If the palmaris longus is present: The apex of the triangle is continuous with the palmaris longus tendon

If the palmaris longus is absent: The apex of the triangle is anchored to the flexor retinaculum.

Question 10

What structures pass deep to the Palmer aponeurosis?

Answer 10

1. superficial palmar arch
2. superficial venous palmar
   arch
3. common
   palmar digital branch of median nerve

Question 11

What structures past superficial to the Palmer aponeurosis?

Answer 11

1. palmar branch of median nerve
2. median antebrachial vein and its perforating branches

Question 12

What structures form the extensor hoods?

Answer 12

The tendons of
1. extensor digitorum
2. extensor pollicus longus

Question 13

What structures do the extensor hoods contain?

Answer 13

1. tendons of extensor digiti minimi
2. tendon of extensor indicis
3. In the index, middle, ring, and little fingers, the lumbrical, interossei, and abductor digiti minimi muscles
4. In the thumb, the adductor pollicis and abductor pollicis brevis muscles

Question 14

What do the fibrous digital sheaths contain?

Answer 14

1. Tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis
2. Tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

Question 15

Compare between the fibrous digital sheaths, and the extensor hoods.

Answer 15

The extensor hoods are located on the dorsal digital aspect

The fibrous sheaths are located on the Palmer, digital aspect

The extensor hoods contain the tendons of extensor digiti minimi, extensor indicis, and the intrinsic muscles of the hand

The fibrous sheaths contain the tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor digitorum perf fundus