Halogenoalkanes

Question 1

What is the general formula for an halogenoalkane?

Answer 1

CnH2n+1X

Question 2

Are halagenoalkanes soluble in water?

Explain your answer

Answer 2

The polar C-X bonds aren’t polar enough to to make the halogenoalkanes soluble in water

Question 3

What are the main intermolecular forces of attraction in halagenoalkanes?

Answer 3

Permanent dipole-dipole forces

Van der Waals

Question 4

Can halagenoalkanes mix with hydrocarbons?

Answer 4

Yes

Question 5

What two factors increase the boiling point of halagenoalkanes?

Answer 5

Boiling point increases with increased chain length

Boiling point increases going down the halogen group

Both of these effects are caused by an increase in Van der Waals forces

Question 6

Why do halagenoalkanes have higher boiling points than alkanes with similar chain lengths?

Answer 6

They have higher relative molecular masses

They are more polar

Question 7

What are the two factors that determine how readily the C-X bond breaks?

Answer 7

C-X bond polarity

C-X bond enthalpy

Question 8

Which bond with a halogen reacts the most readily based off bond polarity alone?

Answer 8

C-F because it is the most polar

see electronegativity trends

Question 9

Which bond with a halogen reacts the most readily based off bond enthalpy alone?

Answer 9

C-I because the bonds get weaker going down the group (due to increasing nuclear radius)

Question 10

Which is more important in determining how readily the halogen - carbon bond reacts; bond polarity or bond enthalpy?

Answer 10

Bond enthalpy