Halogenoalkanes

Question 1

Reactivity of halogenoalkanes

Answer 1

• More reactive than alkanes

Question 2

Bond polarity

Answer 2

•C is delta +
•Halogen is e rich / delta - delta is
•C-F most polar
•C-I least polar

Question 3

Solubility

Answer 3

•Insoluble in water as water is polar
• Hydrocarbon is non polar
• Halogenoalkane soluble in hydrocarbon

Question 4

Bp

Answer 4

• Longer chain vdw increase, more e-
• Branching reduces bp
~ vdw weaker, less area for intermolecular forces to act
• Increases down group
• Halogenoalkanes higher bp that alkanes
~ more polar and more e-

Question 5

Reactivity of halogenoalknes

Answer 5

• C to halogen bond breaks
• Bond polarity decreases down group
• Bond enthalpy decreases down group
• Reactivity increases down group

Question 6

How to determine reactivity of halogenoalkane

Answer 6

1. Three test tubes with chlorobutane, bromobuyane and iodobutane
2. Add acidified AgNO3 —> hydrolysis reaction
3. Forms AgX(s)
4. Yellow ppt from iodobutane forms first
   Cream from bromo 2nd
   White from chloro last