Halogenoalkanes

Question 1

what is the general structure of a halogenoalkane?

Answer 1

CnH2n+1 X

Question 2

draw the bond between a halogen and C, draw charges

Answer 2

C——-X C is delta+ X is delta-

Question 3

is a halogenoalkane polar? why?

Answer 3

yes because carbon has a delta+ whilst X has a delta- this creates polarity because the halogens are more electronegative than C

Question 3

is a halogenoalkane soluble in water?why?

Answer 3

no because even though they are polar they are not polar enough

Question 4

what are the main intermolecular forces acting between halogenoalkanes?

Answer 4

dipole-dipole and van der waals

Question 4

what happens to the polarity of a halogenoalkane as you go down the group ?

Answer 4

gets less polar as electronegativity decreases

Question 5

what is the most reactive halogenoalkane and why?

Answer 5

C—–I because it is the least polar due to Iodine having a lower electronegaitivity. iodine is bigger than F so shared eletrons are further away from halogen nucleas so bond is weaker

Question 6

what is the least reactive halogenoalkane and why?

Answer 6

C——F because it is the least polar and Iodine is not very electronegative. so it has a weak bond

Question 7

why are stronger bonds less reactive?

Answer 7

because it takes more energy to break them so they wont break as easily as a weaker bond

Question 8

what has a higher b.p.t, halogenoalkanes or alkanes of the same chain length and why?

Answer 8

halogenoalkanes because the C-X bond creates a higher mass because there are more electrons in the halogen compared to the Hydrogen therefore intermolecular forces are stronger amd more enrgy is required to break them therefore an increase in b.p.t