Haiti

Question 1

When

Answer 1

12th January 2010

Question 2

What fault did this occur on

Answer 2

Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault, a strike-slip fault from North American and Caribbean plates moving in opposite directions

Question 3

Haiti context

Answer 3

2024: 25th poorest country in world, 1/3 GDP remittances, 4 2008 hurricanes

Question 4

Port au Prince context

Answer 4

1/3 have clean tapwater, 86% in slums from rural-urban migration, high deforestation for charcoal so landslides

Question 5

Where was the epicentre

Answer 5

25km East of Port au Prince

Question 6

Earthquake magnitude

Answer 6

7.0 Mw

Question 7

Earthquake epicentre

Answer 7

Shallow epicentre

Question 8

Aftershocks

Answer 8

At least 52 4.5Mw+ by 24th Jan

Question 9

Tsunami

Answer 9

Localised, killed at least 3 people, engulfed buildings

Question 10

Landslides

Answer 10

Triggered over 30,000, displacing 30,000,000 m3 material over 3000 km2

Question 11

Dominican Republic response

Answer 11

First response with resources and allowing hospital border crossing, Red Cross sent 18 mobile units (kitchen and medical)

Question 12

Issues with response

Answer 12

Lack of airports, ports (both damaged) and emergency plan, 100 UN personnel deaths meant long time for a plan, needs duplicated

Question 13

World Bank response

Answer 13

Wiped 1/2 debt, gave longer to pay other 1/2, helped in community driven earthquake resistant rebuilding

Question 14

22nd Jan

Answer 14

‘Hope for Haiti now’, history’s most watched telethon, raised US $58m by next day

Question 15

MSF response

Answer 15

Already there, provided emergency medicine to over 150,000, over $90m donated

Question 16

US response

Answer 16

In control of airport, prioritised troop entry, Obama pledged long-term support

Question 17

Haiti response

Answer 17

Decentralise from Port au Prince, modernisation, nationwide healthcare, reduce AID dependence

Question 18

Failures of Haiti response

Answer 18

Over 3000 NGOs still present, people still in camps, 2012 Hurricane Sandy, unrest

Question 19

How many fatalities

Answer 19

230,000

Question 20

How many buildings destroyed

Answer 20

180,000 homes, 5000 schools, 30,000 commercial as unregulated

Question 21

What % of Port au Prince destroyed

Answer 21

60%

Question 22

How many camps

Answer 22

1100: cholera, rape, etc.

Question 23

Cholera

Answer 23

Gone for 100y, over 6900 deaths, bad feeling towards Nepalese UN troops

Question 24

Socio-economic impacts

Answer 24

No mobile phone signal, protested mass burials, rainy season slowed reconstruction

Question 25

Cost

Answer 25

$11.5b

Question 26

Environmental impacts

Answer 26

Coastal floods from tidal waves, landmarks destroyed e.g. presidential palace, uncontrolled debris dumping, more deforestation as need timber to reconstruct, landslide

Question 27

Political impacts

Answer 27

Brain drain, many nurses opted to leave, elections postponed then low turnout so fraud allegations

Question 28

Effect on protection

Answer 28

Better road network resilience, earthquake resistant rebuilding e.g. accessible wattle and daub

Question 29

Effect on planning

Answer 29

Emergency plans, Haitian coordinator for foreign aid, drills, areas with food stockpiles and bottled water

Question 30

Park model adherence

Answer 30

Little improvement in stage 5 as July 98% rubble uncleared, 1.6m in relief camps, 95% in school