Hair, Skin, & Nails (Nicely) Flashcards
vellus hair
everywhere peach fuzz, not on palms/soles/lips
terminal hair
thick, pigmented, head, eyebrows
central cyanosis indicates (and where to look to identify this)
decreased oxygen level in blood, seen in oral and eye mucosa
peripheral cyanosis indicates
decreased blood flow from cold or anxiety
Where do sebaceous glands secrete to
hair follicles
What do sebaceous glands produce and where are they located?
- fatty, oily , waxy substance
- all over body (esp. face & scalp), but not on palms/soles
apocrine gland location, where do they open, what do they produce, etc
open to follicles
- axillary, groin, nipples
- cloudy
- body odor
- stress
eccrine gland locations, where do they open, what do they produce, etc
open to skin surface
- all over; palms, soles
- clear
- sweat for temperature reg
BCC what percentage of skin cancers
80%
BCC what layer of skin
lower/basal layer of epidermis
Color/presentation/look of BCC
pearly white/translucent
What areas are BCC found on?
sun exposed areas
What layer of skin is SCC found on?
upper layer of epidermis
look/presentation of SCC?
scabbed squam! crusty, scaly, inflamed, ulcerated
Do BCC metastasize ?
rarely
Do SCC metastasize?
yes
Melanoma is what percent of skin cancer
4%
Melanoma occurs where in skin
melanocytes of epidermis
significance of melanoma
highest mortality
Does melanoma metastasize?
rapidly
What are primary lesions?
macule, papule, vesicle, nevus
Secondary morphology?
linear, annular, arciform, clustered, dermatomal
macule
area different color form skin around it; not elevated or depressed; any size or color
patch
change in color or texture; barely elevated
papule
superficial, elevated solid lesion,
nodule
palpable, solid round, can start deep or superficial, >1/2cm
wheal
round, flat topped reddish/pink lesion that occurs because of edema (urticaria/hives)
vesicle size
bulla size
> 1/2cm
vesicles and bullas
contain fluid, elevated, can be dome shaped or umbilicated
erosion
secondary lesion involving loss of the skin surface
-only happens in epidermis so no bleeding
ulcer
secondary lesion involving loss of the skin surface
-extends into dermis, maybe subcu
crusting
impetigo, serous fluid discharged
scaling
flaky
comedone
open is blackhead, closed is whitehead
burrows
itchy areas, scabies
cyst
encasing contains solid or semi solid material; serous fluid
abscess
walled off contains pus
furuncle
boil; infection of hair follicle
carbuncle
a group of furuncles
milia
baby acne
erythema
redness
petechiae
pinpoint hemorrhages; does NOT blanch
purpura
larger petechiae 3mm-1cm
fissure
crack between the skin, not a laceration; between fingers or anal fissures
sclerosis
hardening of skin
atrophy
epidermal atrophy that occurs, feels more depressed
excoriation
what it looks like when someone’s been scratching
lichenification
well-defined large plaque; skin appears thick. see in eczema
