Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Derm > Derm Bacterial > Flashcards

Derm Bacterial Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

the majority of skin infections are caused by

A

staphylococcus or streptococcus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

all bacterial skin infections are diagnosed how?

A

clinically: means didn’t run any test, labs, biopsies, etc. Just used clin info

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

most skin infections are treated how?

A

empirically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Folliculitis - define & what causes it

A

infection of hair follicle, most caused by staph

-some, non sterile, can be caused by irritation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Gram neg folliculitis

A

occurs during treatment of scene with abx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

hot tub folliculitis

-causes

A

caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa

  • causes pruritic or tender follicular pustules
  • within 1-4 days of being in a hot tub
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

causes of nonbacterial folliculitis

A

something irritating follicle like tight jeans, oils, etc (is non sterile)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

in what population is folliculitis more common

A

more in diabetics, AIDS, immunocompromised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

S/S of folliculitis

A

itching & burning in hair areas, pustules in hair follicles, most on inner thighs, buttocks. also face, scalp, legs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

superficial folliculitis

A

surface can often see hair in center

  • tender or painless
  • heals w/o scarring
  • often without tx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

deep folliculitis

A

invades deeper part of follicle

  • get swelling and redness
  • w/ or w/o pustules
  • more painful and may scar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Differential diagnosis

-use hx to figure out what?

A

bacterial vs. non bacterial (in hot tub recently, areas of shaving, areas of irritation, etc)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Do you need lab tests with folliculitis

A

usually no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

treatment of folliculitis

A

get rid of the cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

treatment of superficial folicullitis

A

can get better spontaneously, topical abs, benzoyl peroxide

-oral abs if local doesn’t work, or have fever, or involves nose or upper lip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

treatment of deep folliculitis

A

oral abx

-first generation cephalosporins, macrocodes, fluoroquinolones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

treatment of hot tub folliculitis

A

will go away eventually, may give abx in severe cases, may use antipruritic to make pt. feel better

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

treatment of gram negative folliculitis (acne on abx and cultured)

A

treat like severe acne

-dermatologist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What happens if folliculitis infection spreads?

A

get furuncle or carbuncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

furuncle

A

abscess or boil

-deep seated infection involving entire hair follicle and adjacent tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

carbuncle

A

several furuncles in hair follicles next to each other joining together to make one big mass with multiple areas of drainage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

nonpharmacologic treatment of furuncles/carbuncles

A
  • moist heat helps come to a head and localize larger lesions
  • incise & drain after mature
  • *I&D most important
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

S/S of furuncles/ carbuncles

A

pain! purulent!

  • usually abscess gets bigger, then fluctuant, then softs & opens
  • spontaneously drains in 1-2wks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

pharmacologic treatment of furuncles/carbuncles

A

I&D most important

  • abx given that kill staph
  • treat more if the pt. is SICK, immunocompromised or diabetic or something
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

cellulitis

A

poorly demarcated infection of dermis & subcutaneous tissue
-foot cellulitis especially common and problematic in diabetics

26
Q

How does cellulitis usually “get in”

A

most common gets in from fissure in toe web from tinea pedis, but can be from any skin break: surgical wounds, trauma, ulcerations

27
Q

cellulitis pathophys (what causes it)

A

usually staphylococcal or group A beta hemolytic streptococcal

  • MRSA
  • nonsuppurative
28
Q

most common site of cellulitis

A

lower leg most common,

but can be anywhere

29
Q

S/S of cellulitis

A 
Painful erythematous!
confluent, hot patch with advancing borders
-fever
-increased WBCs
-malaise
30
Q

what can happen if cellulitis continues to grow?

A

bacteremia and septicemia, possible shock

bacteria gets in blood and makes pt. more ill

31
Q

Labs & diagnostics for cellulitis

A

(healthy adults just treat, but culture for DM or immunocompromised)

  • if you’re going to culture, do it BEFORE abs
  • culture pus, or blood, skin biopsy if need full thickness
32
Q

differential diagnosis for cellulitis (what life threatening things can look like cellulitis)

A
  • deep venous thrombosis

- necrotizing fasciitis

33
Q

nonpharmacologic tx of celulitis

A

mark line around area of redness to ensure it’s getting better/shrinking and not worse/spreading

34
Q

pharmacologic tx of cellulitis

A

If limited involvement, give oral abx.

-Parenteral abs if extensive or progressive

35
Q

Impetigo

A

contagious and autoinoculable skin infection caused by staph or strep
-can be bulls or non-bulbous

36
Q

most common age/spread of impetigo

A

commonly children 2-5
-spread direct person to person contact
-you can inoculate yourself
“infantigo”

37
Q

S/S impetigo

A
  • honey-colored crust
  • lots of types of lesions possible (macules, vesicles, bulla)
  • when remove the crusts/scrape them off
38
Q

labs for impetigo

A

culture to confirm dx and check for MRSA

39
Q

nonpharmacologic tx of impetigo

A

soak or scrub to get rid of pus under crusts

40
Q

pharmacologic tx of impetigo

A

limited or small infections can try mupirocin or reapamulin

-most often use oral abx

41
Q

patient education for impetigo

A

don’t share towels, need to clean bathrooms with bleach for fam members, etc

42
Q

complications of impetigo

A

small risk of kidney disease if strep is the cause

43
Q

Erysipelas

A

very superficial cellulitis with SHARPLY DEMARCATED BORDER, very HOT
-caused by strep

44
Q

what causes erysipelas

A

STREP

45
Q

S/S of erysipelas

A
  • pain, malaise, chills, fever
  • most often on cheek
  • becomes smooth, demarcated glistening, smooth hot plaque
46
Q

labs for erysipelas

A

WBCs elevated, blood cultures may be positive

47
Q

Treatment for erysipelas

A

IV abs against strep

48
Q

complications with erysipelas

A

few with rapid treatment

-without treatment could be life-threatening

49
Q

Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSS)

A

certain STAPHYLOCOCCAL species releases an exotoxin that has systemic effect

  • causes upper level of skin to blister
  • TOXOGENIC
50
Q

What age do you see sss

A

children

51
Q

presentation of SSS

A

diffuse redness of skin with scaling

52
Q

differential diagnosis of sss

A

stevens-johnson syndrome (lose all skin)

53
Q

treatment of sss

A

anti-staphylococcal antibiotics

54
Q

complications of scalded skin syndrome

A

heals without scarring, low mortality

55
Q

Scarlet Fever

A

strep throat WITH A RASH!

  • aka scarletina
  • due to GABHS infection
  • often from resp. infection but may be food borne
56
Q

What causes rash in scarlet fever

A

circulating toxin, not disseminated bacterial infection

57
Q

What is scarlet fever usually associated with?

A 
localized infection (e.g. strep pharyngitis)
-may have red strawberry tongue
58
Q

Scarlet Fever Rash

A
  • sandpaper rash
  • very red scarlet appearance
  • first on upper trunk & axillae, then generalized, more prominent in flexural areas
59
Q

scarlet fever complications

A
  • otitis media
  • pneumonia
  • septicemia
  • osteomyelitis
  • rheumatic fever
  • acute glomerulonephritis
60
Q

scarlet fever tx

A
  • penicilin/amox
  • erythromycin if allergic to cilins
  • goal of tx to prevent complications and maybe limit disease course

Derm (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions