Hair and Nail dz

Question 1

types of alopecia

Answer 1

androgenetic, areata, and drug-induced

Question 2

what is androgenetic alopeicia?

Answer 2

male pattern baldness, variable and unpredictable

Question 3

Male AA

Answer 3

starts w/ recession of frontal hairline, decreased lenght and thickness of hair shaft. if you get castrated it will prevent it

Question 4

female AA

Answer 4

later onset and less progressive

Question 5

AA Pathophys

Answer 5

increased 5-alpha reductase caues testosterone converion to DHT = hair miniaturization on scalp, but increased har on other body areas

Question 6

tx for Andorgenetic alopecia

Answer 6

minoxidil (Rogaine) and finasteride

Question 7

ADR minoxidil

Answer 7

vascular dilation

Question 8

Finasteride MOA.ADR

Answer 8

5-alpha reductase inhibitor

ARD: loss of libido and ED

Question 9

Alopecia areata

Answer 9

idiopathic; may be seen in thyroiditis, pernicious anema, lupus, Addison’s dz

Question 10

A. areata CF

Answer 10

tiny hair are found, can be patch, involve only the scalp (alopecia totalis) or entire body (A. universalis)

Question 11

A. areata tx

Answer 11

systemic steroids

Question 12

drug-induced alopecia

Answer 12

thallium, Vit A, retinoids, anitmitotic agens, anticoags, OCP, others

Question 13

onychomycosis

Answer 13

distal separation of the nai plate from the nail bed

Question 14

common causes of onychomycosis

Answer 14

excessive exposure to water, soaps, detergents, or alkalis, psoriasis, drugs, thyroid dz

Question 15

paronychia

Answer 15

inflammation of the nail folds

Question 16

paronchia CF

Answer 16

erythema, swelling, throbbing pain that may extend into the proximal nail fold and eponychium

Question 17

RF for paronychia

Answer 17

DM, wet work

Question 18

acute Paronychia

Answer 18

staphy, affects proxiaml nail fold

Question 19

chronic paroncyia

Answer 19

candida, lateral nail folds