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Skin MS: Week 3 > Hair and Nail Disease (Derm) > Flashcards

Hair and Nail Disease (Derm) Flashcards

1
Q

Three stages of hair

A

anagen –> catagen –> telogen

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2
Q

“Simple Baldness”, “Hereditary Alopecia”,

“Pattern Alopecia”

A

Adrogenetic alopecia

Non scarring

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3
Q

Cause of androgen-alo

A

Genetically determined miniaturization of follicles triggered by androgens

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4
Q

alopecia on top of scalp

A

androgenetic alopecia

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5
Q

treatment for andro-alo

A

Minoxidil, Finasteride, Hair Transplants

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6
Q

Stress hair loss

A

Telogen effluvium

Non scarring

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7
Q

Cause of telogen effluvium

A

Disrupted growth cycle of hairs causing premature shift from anagen to telogen

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8
Q

Triggers for telogen effluvium

A

Pregnancy, Surgery, High Fever, Extreme diet,…..

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9
Q

Diffuse scalp involvement.

“Coming out in Bunches”

A

Telogen effluvium

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10
Q

Tx for telogen effluvium

A

Remove the trigger.
Minoxidil?
Time
Reassurance

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11
Q

Alopecia:
Autoimmune -Can associate with other AI disease.
T-cells attack the hair bulb (“Swarm of Bees”)
HLA determined.

A

Alopecia Areata

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12
Q

Alopecia in Circular patches on scalp or beard

A

Alopecia areata

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13
Q

All scalp hair lost

A

A. totalis

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14
Q

All body hair lost

A

A. universalis

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15
Q

Tx for alopecia areata

A

Can be difficult.

  • Watch and wait.
  • Topical or IL steroids.
  • Minoxidil.
  • Anthralin.
  • Protopic/Elidel?
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16
Q

Secondary alopecia

A

Diffuse hair thinning as a complication of an existing medication or medical problem.

17
Q

Common causes of Secondary alopecia

A

Chemotherapy, Meds, Thyroid dz, Iron deficiency, Nutritional disorders, Renal or Hepatic failure, other Chronic illness.

18
Q

Tx for secondary alopecia

A

Remove the cause.

Minoxidil?

19
Q

Fungus growth on scalp and hair shafts.

A

Tinea capitis

Possible scarring

20
Q

________ kids most common having tinea capitis

A

african america - d/t hair structure

21
Q

Cause of tinea capitis

A

Most common: Trichophyton tonsurans

22
Q

Kerion

A

‘Kerion’-intense inflammatory reaction due to zoophilic fungi.

23
Q

Tx tinea capitis

A

Griseofulvin is the standard.
microsized 15-25mg/kg/day
ultramicrosized 10-15mg/kg/d
Terbinafine? Itraconazole?

24
Q

Lupus and hair

A

Discoid lupus of the scalp results in destruction of hair units
Often scarring
Few have +ANA

25
Q

Area of discoid lupus

A

Discoid (round) patches with redness, scale, scarring anywhere on scalp or beard.

26
Q

tx discoid lupus

A

Topical or systemic steroids. Hydroxychloroquine.

27
Q

Other causes of alopecia

A 
Traction Alopecia
Lichen Planopilaris
Folliculitis Decalvans
Pseudopalade
Central Centrifugal Cicatricial Alopecia
Hair Shaft abnormalities
28
Q

Pediculus humanus capitis

A

head lice

29
Q

pthirus pubis

A

pubic lice

30
Q

tx for lice

A 
Permethrin (Nix, Elimite)
GBH (Kwell, Lindane)
Malathion (Ovide)
Vaseline-for eyelids.
 Cetaphil cleanser-*new*
 Remove nits.
 Hot water and dryer for clothes and bedding.
 Unwashables in bag for 2 weeks.
31
Q

inflammation of the nail folds

can be infectious or noninfectious

A

paronychia

32
Q

cause of acute paronychia

A

trauma, bacteria, contact dermatitis, acute eczema flair

33
Q

causes of chronic paronychia

A

irritant contact dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, candida

34
Q

Ingrown Nails

A 
Always cut nails straight across.
Don’t tear or pull.
Proper fitting shoes.
Soaks.
Antibiotics.
Surgery.
35
Q

Fungal growth on or under the nail

A

Onychomycosis

36
Q

Common organism for onychomycosis

A

Trichophyton rubrum or T. mentagrophytes

37
Q

Treatment onychomycosis

A

terbinafine (Lamisil)
itraconazole (Sporonox)
ciclopirox (Penlac lacquer)

Skin MS: Week 3 (14 decks)

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