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hair Flashcards

1
Q

Steel wool hair

A

Menke’s Kinky Hair

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2
Q

Menke’s Kinky Hair #1 hair abn

others

A

Pili torti,

T. nodosa and monilethrix

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3
Q

XLR, ATP7A- Cu2+ translocating membrane ATPase

A

Menke’s Kinky Hair

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4
Q

MKH
Bjornstad syndrome
Crandall’s syndrome, Citrullinemia
Bazex Follicular Atrophoderma

A

Pili Torti (Twisted hairs)

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5
Q

XLD
Hypotrichosis, hypohidrosis
Multiple BCCs

A

Bazex Follicular Atrophoderma

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6
Q

MR, seizures, cupids bow lips

A

Menke’s Kinky Hair

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7
Q

P. torti with deafness

A

• Bjornstad syndrome
• Crandall’s syndrome
– P. tori with deafness and hypogonadism

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8
Q

Two frayed ends like brooms ends

A

Trichorrhexis Nodosa

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9
Q

Argininosuccinic aciduria
Citrullinemia
MKH, Trichothiodystrophy, Netherton’s

A

Congenital Trichorrhexis Nodosa

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10
Q
  • No argininosuccinase
  • Acidosis
  • MR
  • Hair fluoresces red
A

Argininosuccinic aciduria

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11
Q
  • No argininosuccinic acid synthetas
  • Perioral and anal dermatitis
  • P. torti as well
A

Citrullinemia

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12
Q

MKH, Trichothiodystrophy, Netherton’s

A

Congenital Trichorrhexis Nodosa

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13
Q

Bamboo or ball-in-socket

A

Trichorrhexis Invaginata

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14
Q

Clean break

A

Trichoschisis

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15
Q

– Trichothiodystrophy or PIBIDS hair abnormalities

A

Trichoschisis -Congenital

Trichorrhexus nodosa

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16
Q

• Netherton’s
– Icthyosis linearis circumflexa
– Atopy
-T. nodosa

A

Trichorrhexis Invaginata

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17
Q

hair abn in Netherton’s

A

T. nodosa

Trichorrhexis Invaginata

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18
Q

• Elliptical nodes that breaks at the nodes

A

Monilethrix

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19
Q

– Short, brittle hair
– KP
– MR
– Nail and teeth defects

A

Monilethrix

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20
Q

• Tiger-tail hair with alternating dark and light with NORMAL light (not polarized)
– Due to air spaces

A

Pili Annulati

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21
Q

• Damage causing split ends

A

Trichoptilosis

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22
Q

• Retention and desquamation of IRS
• Slides along shaft
vs nits

A

– Hair Casts

Nits do not slide

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23
Q
  • Triangular hair shaft with central groove

* Uncombable hair that is like spun glass

A

Pili trianguli et canaliculi

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24
Q

Plakoglobin defect

• Woolly hair, PPK, cardiomyopathy

A

Naxos Disease

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25
Q

Naxos Disease inheritance

A

• AR

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26
Q
  • AR

* DNA helicase gene RECQL4

A

Rothmund-Thomson

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27
Q
  • Sparse hair
  • Poikiloderma
  • Cataracts
  • Hypogonadism
  • SCC, BCC and others
A

Rothmund-Thomson

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28
Q
  • Light, fine hair
  • Sweating abnormal
  • Teeth and nail abnormalities
  • Frontal bossing
A

Anhidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia

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29
Q
  • XLR

* Ectodysplasin A

A

Anhidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia

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30
Q
  • AD
  • Connexin 30
  • Hair loss, PPK, nails
A

Hidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia

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31
Q

• T. effluvium
___ w after event anagen → telogen
___m later shedding occurs

A

– Three to five weeks

– Two to three months

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32
Q

– Arrest of cell division

• Radiation, chemo, poisoning

A

• A. effluvium

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33
Q

– Young girls
– Blonde
– Anagen (ruffled cuticle) on pull test

A

• Loose anagen

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34
Q

Ophiasis
• Peripheral loss
____prognosis than patchy disease

A

• Worse

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35
Q

– Congenital or during childhood
– Temporal areas
• Complete loss or only vellus growth

A

• Triangular

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36
Q

– Increased catagen on bx

A

• Trichotillomania

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37
Q

– Pigment on bx

A

– Trichomalacia

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38
Q

– Isolated patch
– 50% associated with a nevus
– Eye abnormalities

A

• Woolly Hair Nevus

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39
Q

– Post-puberty male

– Gradual curling and darkening androgenetic alopecia

A

Acquired Progressive Kinking

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40
Q

– AIDS and retinoids are etiologies

A

Acquired Progressive Kinking

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41
Q

– AR

– Hairless gene

A

• Papular atrichia

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42
Q

– Alopecia after birth
– Cysts on face and neck
– Few follicles present

A

• Papular atrichia

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43
Q

Vertex of black females

May be related to styling practices

A

Follicular degeneration (central centrifugal scarring alopeca)

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44
Q

– Premature loss of IRS with fibrosis

A

(central centrifugal scarring alopecia)

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45
Q

– Perifollicular erythema

– LP-like changes with scarring around follicle

A

• LPP

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46
Q

– Parry-Romberg

A
  • En coup de sabre

* Progressive facial hemiatrophy

47
Q

– Boggy, crusted, pustules

– Suppuration, PMNs and eosinophils

A

• Folliculitis decalvans

48
Q

– AKA perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens
– Black males
– Inflammation, bogginess and sinus tracts

A

• Dissecting Cellulitis

49
Q

– Associations

• Trisomy 13, Adams-Oliver syndrome

A

• Aplasia cutis congenita

50
Q

Hirsutism

• Androgen-dependent hair____ growth in a woman

51
Q

– Eyebrows, lashes and vellus hairs hormone dependent T/F

52
Q

– Phenytoin
– Minoxidil
– Diazoxide
– Cyclosporin

A

• Drugs Hirsutism

53
Q

Tumors can cause Hirsutism

A

– Adrenal

– Ovarian

54
Q

bind androgen receptor

A

Testosterone and DHT

55
Q

• Hormones produced from
adrenals___
adrenal and ovary
ovary, adrenals, conversion from precursors

A

– DHEA
– Androstenedione
– Testosterone

56
Q

– Mostly due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency

– Also 11-B-hydroxylase

A

• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

57
Q

– #1 cause of ovarian-induced hirsutism

58
Q

• Labs suggestive of tumor
____> 8000 ng/ml
____ > 2 ng/ml

A

– DHEA

– Serum testosterone

59
Q

• Cushings

Tumors – Adrenal, Ovarian

60
Q

____ increased in PCOS

A

LH, Prolactin

61
Q
  • Treatment for hirutism

* Inhibits ornithine decarboxylase

A

– Eflornithine

62
Q

• Treatment for PCOS

combo pill

A

– Glucophage

– OCP -

63
Q
  • Aldosterone-like

* Blocks androgen binding

A

– Spironolactone

64
Q

• 5-alpha-reductase blocker

A

– Finasteride

65
Q

Growth
– Fingernails—_mm/month
– Toenails—_mm/month

A

3 mm/month

1 mm/month

66
Q

– Myeloma and yellow nail syndrome

A

• Absent lunula

67
Q 
Nail-patella syndrome
Congenital Onychodysplasia of
the Index finger (COIF)
Coffin-Siris syndrome
Deafness, Congenital,
Onychodystrophy, Recessive
form (DOOR)
A

• Anonychia

68
Q

– Wilson’s, drugs, argyria

A

• Blue lunula(Matrix defect)

69
Q

– • Beau’s line ARE Tranverse indented furrow from arrest at __
– After stressful event

70
Q

– Rubenstain-Taybi (CREB-binding protein)

A

• Brachyonychia

– Short nails

71
Q

– Red and while longitudinal bands
– V-shaped nicking
– Subungual hyperkeratosis

A

• Darier’s

72
Q

• Green nail CAUSED BY from bacteria

A

– Pyocyanin

73
Q

what is Hapalonychia

A

– Thin nails

74
Q

• Median canaliform dystrophy

– Christmas tree pattern is caused by

A

– Proximal nail trauma

75
Q

– Periungual fibroma

– Tub sclerosis

A

• Koenen tumor

76
Q

– LEOPARD syndrome

– Plummer-Vinson

A

• Koilonychia

77
Q

• Onychoschizia

A

– Distal splitting

78
Q

• Onychorrhexis

A

– Longitudinal ridging

– Age

79
Q

• Onychomalacia

A

– Soft nails

80
Q

• Onychomadesis

A

– Shedding

– Systemic disease, drugs

81
Q

– Trauma, drugs, systemic disease

A

• Onycholysis

82
Q

– Arsenic, CHF or other systemic disease

A

• Mee’s lines(Transverse white lines)

83
Q

– AZT, melanoma

A

• Melanocychia striata

84
Q

– Nephrotic syndrome
– Hypoalbuminemia
– Liver disease
– Malnutrition

A

• Muehrcke’s lines

85
Q

– Double white lines

A

• Muehrcke’s lines

86
Q

• Onychocryptosis

A

– Ram’s nail

87
Q

• Onychochauxis

A

– Thickened nails

88
Q

• PPK, non-malignant oral keratosis, follicular hyperkeratosis

A

Pachyonychia

– Type I- K6a and 16

89
Q

Order of Embryogenesis

“Have sex Every Afternoon

A

H air
S ebaceous glands
E ccrine
A pocrine

90
Q

SHAFT

A

Medulla
Cortex
Cuticle

91
Q

IRS

A

Cuticle
Huxley
Henle

ORS

92
Q

• Platonychia can be found in

A

– Flattened nails– LP

93
Q
  • Steatocystoma multiplex
  • Natal teeth
  • No leukokeratosis
A

– Type II- K6b and 17

94
Q

• I and corneal disease

A

– Type III Pachyonychia

95
Q

• I, II, III and laryngeal disease, MR and amyloid

A

– Type IV Pachyonychia

96
Q
  • K6a and 16
A

Pachyonychia Type I

97
Q

Acute paronychia

cause #1

98
Q

• T. mentag and molds

A

– Superficial

99
Q

– Proximal white subungual

A
  • T. rubrum

* HIV

100
Q
  • Patellae hypoplastic or absent
  • Renal involvement
  • Infection
101
Q

– Distal subungual

A

• T. rubrum

102
Q

• Triangular lunulae

103
Q

• LMX1b mutation

104
Q

• Chronic paronychia caused by

A

– Candida and molds

105
Q

– LP, CP, chronic GVH

A

• Dorsal pterygium

– Proximal nail fold scarring

106
Q

– Ventral nail plate and hyponychium fused

A

• Ventral pterygium

107
Q

– Congenital and systemic sclerosis

A

• Ventral pterygium

108
Q

– Areata, psoriasis, CO poisoning, COPD, cardiac, RA, liver disease

A

• Red lunulae

109
Q

– Ragged cuticle from dermatomyositis

? sign

A

• Samitz

110
Q

White until distal 2 mm

A

• Terry’s nails

111
Q

– Cirrhosis, CHF, DM

A

• Terry’s nails

112
Q

– 20 nails are rough

A

• Trachonychia

113
Q

KID • Keratitis, ichthyosis, deafness

inheritance

114
Q

– Idiopathic or from atopic derm, alopecia areata

A

• Trachonychia

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