HAGMA

Question 1

What is Henderson hasselbalch equation?

Answer 1

Ph = 6.1 + log(bicarb)/(PCO2 * .3)

Question 2

What is the formula to calculate if there is an appropriate compensation for metabolic acidosis?

Answer 2

PCO2 = 1.5 * bicarb +8 (+-)2.

Question 3

What are the two types of lactic acidosis?

Answer 3

Hypoxia and impaired oxidative phosphorylation

Question 4

3 toxins that can cause Rhabdo?

Answer 4

Alcohol, toluene, and carbon monoxide.

Question 5

What color can the urine be with Rhabdo and why?

Answer 5

Reddish brown because of myoglobin

Question 6

Why is it called diabetic ketoacidosis?

Answer 6

Because there is severe hypoglycemia, the cells turn to fatty acid oxidation and then there are tons of ketones. These can also act as osmotic diuresis to produce tons of urine just like the glucose.

Question 7

How do you tell if a patient’s acidosis is due to ethylene Glycol?

Answer 7

Calcium oxalate crystals in the urine and it will be fluoresce under black light.

Question 8

What clinical symptom is characteristic of methanol ingestion?

Answer 8

Blurry vision

Question 9

2 presenting signs of salicylate toxicity?

Answer 9

Tachypnea and tinnitus

Question 10

How do we define acute renal injury vs. chronic?

Answer 10

Acute is defined by the rise in serum creatine. Chronic is defined as drop in GFR