Haemolytic uraemic syndrome

Question 1

What is HUS?

Answer 1

Thrombosis within small blood vessels usually triggered by a bacterial toxin called shiga toxin produce by E-coli 0157

Classic triad of

• Haemolytic anaemia
• AKI
• Thrombocytopaenia (low platelet)

Question 2

Presentation

Answer 2

Brief gastroenteritis with bloody diarrhoea

Symptoms of HUS typically start around 5d after the onset of the diarrhoea

• Reduced urine output
• Dark urine or haematuria
• Abdo pain
• Lethargy
• Confusion
• Oedema
• Bruising

Question 3

Management

Answer 3

It is a medical emergency with a 10% mortality

Condition is self-limiting and supportive management is given:

• Dialysis if needed
• Careful maintenance of fluid balance
• Anti HTN drugs if needed
• Blood transfusions if needed