Haematology Workshop Flashcards

1
Q

How does streptokinase work?

A

Activates plasminogen to form plasmin, which degrades fibrin to break up blood clots

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2
Q

How does low-dose aspirin work? What is it used for?

A

. Inhibits cyclo-oxygenase so prostaglandins and thromboxane not produced and platelets are inactivated
. Thins blood to reduce risk of clotting, used as secondary prevention for MI

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3
Q

Why can’t low-dose aspirin be used by asthmatics?

A

Low-dose aspirin stimulates production of leukotrienes, which are involved in the inflammatory response of asthma so could provoke an asthma attack

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4
Q

How does warfarin work?

A

Vitamin K inhibitor, so clotting factors not produced and coagulation cascade inhibited

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5
Q

What is another name for INR?

A

Prothrombin ratio

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6
Q

What is the normal INR for a healthy person not on warfarin?

A

1

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7
Q

What is the normal INR for a person on warfarin?

A

2-3

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8
Q

What does a higher INR show? How about a lower INR?

A

Higher INR shows blood clots more slowly (‘thinner’), lower INR shows blood clots more quickly (‘thicker’)

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9
Q

Why can’t warfarin and erythromycin be used together?

A

Erythromycin increases the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, so increases the risk of excessive bleeding

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10
Q

How can you reverse the effects of warfarin?

A

Give vitamin K because the liver usually produces vitamin K to stimulate clotting factors and coagulation cascade

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