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HAEM - POM > Haematology Definitions > Flashcards

Haematology Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Hypo

A

low

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2
Q

Hyper

A

high

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3
Q

Cytic

A

small

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4
Q

Chromic

A

pale

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5
Q

Milo

A

bone marrow

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6
Q

Haem

A

blood related

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7
Q

Poesis

A

making

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8
Q

Erythopoeisis

A

making of red blood cells

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9
Q

Reticulocyte

A

red blood cells that are still developing

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10
Q

Reticulocytosis

A

a condition where there is an increase in reticulocytes, immature red blood cells.

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11
Q

Differentiation

A

the process by which dividing cells change their functional or phenotypical type

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12
Q

myeloproliferative disorder

A

increase in the number of myelocyte cells

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13
Q

haemolysis

A

when the immune system (which normally defends the body against infection) makes an antibody against its own red blood cells.

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14
Q

hypoxia

A

low levels of oxygen in body tissue

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15
Q

pancytopenia

A

condition in which there is lower than normal number of red and white blood cells and platelets in the blood

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16
Q

Hypochromic

A

pale RBCs

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17
Q

Normochromic

A

normal colour RBCs

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18
Q

Microcytic

A

small RBCs

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19
Q

Microcytosis

A

term used to describe microcytic RBCs

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20
Q

Pallor

A

colour

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21
Q

Haematocrit (Hct)

A

is the volume of red blood cells as a ratio of whole blood volume.

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22
Q

mean cell volume (MCV)

A

the average volume of each red cell

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23
Q

mean cell haemoglobin (MCH)

A

the average mass of Hb in each RBC

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24
Q

mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC)

A

average concentration of Hb in each RBC

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25
Q

Platelet count

A

the no of platelets in a given volume of blood

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26
Q

Anaemia

A

reduction in the amount of haemoglobin in a given volume of blood below what would be expected in comparison with a healthy subject of the same age and gender

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27
Q

G-CSF

A

granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

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28
Q

Target cell

A

red blood cells that have a shooting target appearance with a bullseye

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29
Q

Central pallor

A

pale colour found in the middle of RBCs due to their indentation

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30
Q

if a RBC lacks central pallor what is it a sign of

A

iron deficiency anaemia

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31
Q

Megaloblast

A

abnormally large red blood cells

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32
Q

Polychromasia

A

increased blue tinge to the cytoplasm of a red blood cell. Indicates cell is young

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33
Q

Mechanisms

A

physiological process that lead to the illness

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34
Q

Causes

A

the disease or injury that produces the physiological disruption

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35
Q

Full blood count (FBC)

A

type of blood test

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36
Q

Megaloblastic anaemia

A

macrocytic anaemia caused by vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency

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37
Q

Haemolytic anaemia

A

reduction in Hb due to excessive haemolysis

38
Q

Poikilocytosis

A

abnormally shaped red blood cells

39
Q

Ferritin

A

blood protein that contains iron

40
Q

Hepcidin

A

hormone responsible for regulation of iron recycling and iron balance

41
Q

Transferrin

A

protein produced by liver that regulates absorption of iron into the blood

42
Q

M-CSF

A

macrophage colony-stimulating factor;

43
Q

GM-CSF

A

granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor

44
Q

Basophil

A

type of white blood cell, main function to defend against parasites or allergic reactions, initiating inflammation and preventing coagulation

45
Q

intrathecal

A

around the spinal cord

46
Q

proliferative disorder

A

uncontrolled increase in number of immune cells

47
Q

splenomegaly

A

enlarged spleen

48
Q

thrombocytopenia

A

low platelet count

49
Q

megaloblastic anaemia

A

an anaemia in which maturation of the nucleus is retarded in relation to that of the cytoplasm

50
Q

Neutrophil

A

type of white blood cell, main function is defence against infection through phagocytosis.

51
Q

Eosinophil

A

type of immune cell that contains granules, with enzymes that are released during infections, allergic reactions and asthma

52
Q

Microbicidal

A

agent that destroys microbes

53
Q

Proliferation

A

increase in the no of cells as a result of cell growth and division

54
Q

Chemotaxis

A

movement of cell in a direction corresponding to a gradient of increasing or decreasing concentration of a substance

55
Q

Marginated

A

formation of a border

56
Q

Adhere

A

stick to

57
Q

Cytokine priming

A

release of cytokine leads to chemical gradient for WBCs to travel towards specific site

58
Q

Heparin

A

type of anti-coagulant that decreases the clotting ability of the blood

59
Q

Histamine

A

messenger molecule, released as part of local immune response

60
Q

Proteolytic enzymes

A

enzymes that break down proteins

61
Q

Leukocytes

A

white blood cells

62
Q

Humoral immunity

A

…

63
Q

Cell mediated immunity

A

…

64
Q

Leukaemia

A

cancer of the white blood cells

65
Q

Myeloid leukaemia

A

cancer of the myeloid cells

66
Q

Lymphoid leukaemia

A

cancer of the lymphoid cells

67
Q

acute conditions

A

severe and sudden in onset

68
Q

chronic conditions

A

the disease and deterioration go on for a long period of time

69
Q

aetiology

A

the cause or origin of disease

70
Q

Haemopoesis

A

making of new blood

71
Q

prognosis

A

likely outcome of the disease, chance of recovery or recurrence

72
Q

Neutrophil hypersegmentation

A

increase in the average number of neutrophil lobes or segments

73
Q

monocytosis

A

too many monocytes

74
Q

Lymphopenia

A

reduction in lymphocyte count

75
Q

Chronic

A

longstanding

76
Q

Acute

A

recent

77
Q

Lymphocytosis

A

too many lymphocytes

78
Q

Persistent

A

continuing to exist over a long period

79
Q

Non-segmented

A

not divided into or made up for segments

80
Q

Toxic granulation

A

heavy coarse granulation of neutrophils

81
Q

Band cell

A

immature form of neutrophils

82
Q

Left shift

A

increase in non-segmented, immature neutrophils or there are neutrophil precursors in the blood, presence of immature neutrophils in blood

83
Q

Toxic changes

A

…

84
Q

Leukocytosis

A

increase in WBC no in the blood

85
Q

Eosinophilia

A

increase in eosinophil numbers in the blood

86
Q

Neutrophilia

A

increase in the no of neutrophils in blood

87
Q

–cytosis

A

too many

88
Q

–penia

A

to little/ reduction

89
Q

lymphopenia

A

reduction in lymphocyte count

90
Q

leukocytosis

A

too many white blood cells

91
Q

leukopenia

A

reduction in the total number of RBCs

92
Q

neutropenia

A

reduction in neutrophil count

HAEM - POM (12 decks)

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