Haematology Data Interpretation Clinical Skills

Question 1

Why do nitrites form in urine and what does this mean?

Answer 1

This indicated a bacterial infection because bacteria produce nitrate reductase causing nitrates to form into nitrites

Question 2

What does purulent mean?

Answer 2

Green sputum

Question 3

What are the two symptoms that should make you think shock?

Answer 3

Hypotension and tachycardia

Question 4

What are the symptoms of shock?

Answer 4

Cool, clammy skin, pale, tachycardia, rapid breathing, nausea, weakness/fatigue, dizziness/fainting

Question 5

What are the different types of shock?

Answer 5

Hypovalemic, Cardiogenic, septic, anaphylactic.

Question 6

How can you increase blood volume?

Answer 6

Give saline

Question 7

Describe the microbiology of Macrocytic anaemia?

Answer 7

Low haemoglobin with elevated MCV

Question 8

What antibodies would you check for and what will they show you?

Answer 8

1) APCA - test for pernicious anaemia (autoimmune)

2) IFA - if positive indicated autoantibodies are present

Question 9

What does the term anaemia indicate?

Answer 9

Insufficient haemoglobin to deliver oxygen to cells

Question 10

What is normochromic anaemia?

Answer 10

The concentration of haemoglobin in the RBC’s is within normal range but there is insufficient number of red blood cells

Question 11

A person with Crohn’s Disease would show what type of anaemia?

Answer 11

Normocytic due to dimorphic anaemia (two deficiencies)