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Medicine > Haematology and Oncology > Flashcards

Haematology and Oncology Flashcards

1
Q

Ca-125

A

ovary

uterus

breast

hepatocellular

(pregnancy, cirrhosis, peritonitis)

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2
Q

alpha fetoprotein

A

produced by liver and yolk sac of foetus

teratoma

hepatocellular Ca

testicular Ca

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3
Q

Ca 15-3

A

breast

(benign breast disease)

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4
Q

Ca 19-9

A

colorectal

pancreatic

biliary tract Ca

(cholestasis)

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5
Q

Ca 27 - 29

A

breast

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6
Q

Carcionembryonic Antigen (CEA)

A

GI, especially colorectal

(cirrhosis, pancreatitis, smoking)

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7
Q

Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2

(Her-2/neu)

A

breast

ovarian

stomach

uterus

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8
Q

Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin

(hCG)

A

germ cells - seminoma, teratoma

small cell

choriocarcinoma

(pregnancy, moles)

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9
Q

Neuron-Specific Enolase

(NSE)

A

lung (small cell)

neuroblastoma

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10
Q

Placental Alkaline Phosphotase (PLAP)

A

seminoma

ovarian Ca

(pregnancy, smoking)

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11
Q

Burkitt’s Lymphoma

A
  • high grade B cell lymphoma
  • usually t(8;14) - gives c-myc translocation
  • linked to EBV
  • may have rasburicase (recombinant urate oxidase) before chemo to reduce tumour lysis syndrome

endemic form = maxilla or mandible, African

sporadic form = abdominal (ileo-caecal), commoner in HIV

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12
Q

Tumour Lysis Syndrome

A

Chemo –> cell death –> release of electrolytes

HIGH: potassium, phosphate, urate

LOW: calcium

+ Acute renal failure

Prophylactic rasburicase (recombinant urate oxidase) catalyses the conversion of urate to allantoin, which is more soluble and therefore excreted in urine more rapidly.

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13
Q

Calcitonin

A

made by C cells of thyroid

elevated in medullary thyroid Ca

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14
Q

beta-hCG

A

produced by placenta

testicular tumours

choriocarinomas

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15
Q

monoclonal IgG

(paraprotein)

A

multiple myeloma

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16
Q

prostate specific antigen

A

prostate Ca

17
Q

S100

A

malignant melanoma

18
Q

thyroglobulin

A

thyroid tumours

Medicine (12 decks)

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