Haematology Flashcards
1
Q
What is phlebotomy?
A
the drawing of blood
2
Q
What are some errors that can happen in blood taking?
A
- Underfilling a tube
- Incorrect needle size
- Mixing a tube too much or insufficiently
- Contamination
- Inaccurate labelling
3
Q
What is haematology?
A
The study of the morphology and the physiology of blood
4
Q
Describe the absorption of iron
A
- food goes in, enzymes and gastric acid break down the food
- gastric juice stabilises the Fe3+ molecule and prevents it from precipitating
- Fe3+ passes into the duodenum and iron is absorbed
5
Q
How is the duodenum specialised to absorb iron?
A
- villi border: tall slender finger like projections
- has absorptive cells (enterocytes)
- has goblet cells (secrete mucus for lubrication)
6
Q
What protein regulates plasma iron?
A
Hepcidin
7
Q
In what form is iron stored in the body?
A
As ferritin
8
Q
What are some roles of iron in the body?
A
Synthesis of haemoglobin, synthesis of cytochromes, synthesis of myoglobin, synthesis of ribonucleotide reductase (required for cell division)
9
Q
Describe how the partial pressure of O2 around the body effects the % saturation of oxyhaemoglobin
A
- high oxygen conc = oxygen binds to haemoglobin to make oxyhaemoglobin
- oxyhaemoglobin is 100% saturated with oxygen as it sets off around the body
- As the blood flows through tissues with lower oxygen levels, oxygen leaves the haemoglobin
10
Q
What are the 5 types of WBC?
A
- NEUTROPHILS (phagocytosis)
- Lymphocytes (generation of antibodies)
- Monocytes (release of cytokines)
- Eosinophils (allergic responses)
- Basophils (release of histamine and heparin)
11
Q
How to calculate the mean cell volume?
A
MCV = Hct/RBC
12
Q
How to calculate the mean cell Hb?
A
MCH = Hb/RBC
