Haem Flashcards
Causes of increased red call degeneration
Hereditary spherocytosis G6PD deficiency Sickle cell disease Thalassaemia Haemolytic disease of the new-born
Causes of extensive blood loss in babies which leads to anaemia
von Willebrand
Merkel diverticulum
Causes of poor red cell production anaemia
Iron deficiency Folic acid deficiency Chronic renal failure Diamond-Blackfan anaemia Parvovirus B19 infection
Cause of anaemia if reticulocyte count is high or low?
High = increased destruction/haemolysis or blood loss. Low = lack of production of RBC
Physiological anaemia of the new-born
Hb decreased from birth as RBC production is low, shorter RBC life span and switch from HbF to HbA
Most common cause of anaemia in children
Iron deficiency.
Present with palloe, irritability, anorexia, TC, cardiac murmur and cardiac dilation.
Microscopy of iron deficiency anaemia
Microcytic and Hypochromic
Low ferritin, low iron, increased TIBC
Other features of sickle cell disease apart from anaemia
Strokes Infection/sepsis Pain crisis Acute chest syndrome Dactylitis
Normal globin chain
alpha2 beta2
Asymptomatic thalassaemia
beta minor
Clinical features of hereditary spherocytosis
Autosomal dominant mostly Jaundice Anaemia Splenomegaly Gallstones
Congenital red cell aplasia
Diamond-Blackfan anaemia
Genetics of G6PD
X-linked
Acute bruising, purpura, petechiae
History of URTI
No organomegaly
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Inheritance of haemophilia
X-linked
