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SRNA3Regional > Hadzic's Chapter 1 Reading > Flashcards

Hadzic's Chapter 1 Reading Flashcards

1
Q

The cervical plexus originates from the

A

anterior rami of C1-C4

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2
Q

In Cervical Plexus, the anterior rami combines into

A

3 loops from which the deep and superficial branches arise

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3
Q

The neuron is the

A

basic functional unit responsible for the conduction of nerve impulses

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4
Q

Anatomy of a neuron

A

A typical neuron consists of a cell body (soma) that contains a large nucleus. The cell body is attached to several branching processes, called dendrites, and a single axon

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5
Q

Receive incoming messages

A

Dendrites

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6
Q

Conduct outgoing messages

A

axons

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7
Q

Peripheral nerves, axons are very long and slender. They

are also called

A

nerve fibers.

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8
Q

The individual nerve fibers that make up a nerve, like individual wires in an electric cable, are bundled together by

A

connective tissue.

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9
Q

Is an important part of the nerve

A

The connective tissue of a peripheral nerve

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10
Q

Which layer surround the ENTIRE NERVE and hold it loosely to the connective tissue?

A

Epineurium

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11
Q

Axons that bundles together within a nerve forms a ________surrounded by

A

Fascicle: perineurium

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12
Q

It is at this level that the nerve–blood barrier is located and constitutes the last protective barrier of the nerve tissue

A

Perineurium

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13
Q

Fine connective tissue within a fascicle that surrounds every individual nerve fiber or axon

A

Endoneurium

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14
Q

The nerves that make their exit through the skull are known as

A

cranial nerves, and there are 12 pairs of them.

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15
Q

The nerves that exit below the skull and between the vertebrae are called

A

spinal nerves, and there are 31 pairs of them

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16
Q

Each spinal nerve is formed by a

A

dorsal and a ventral root that come together at the level of the intervertebral foramen

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17
Q

Each spinal nerve supplies a specific segment of the body surface, known as a

A

dermatome.

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18
Q

A dermatome is an area of the skin supplied by

A

the dorsal (sensory) root of the spinal nerve

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19
Q

A myotome is the segmental innervation

A

of skeletal muscle by a ventral root of a specific spinal nerve

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20
Q

Other word for rami

A

Branch (smaller branch )

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21
Q

What are the four cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus, the (Le grand tout seul)

A

Lesser occipital nerve
greater auricular nerve
transverse cervical nerve
supraclavicular nerve.

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22
Q

The four cutaneous branches of the cervical plexus derived from

A

C2-C4

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23
Q

Cervical plexus innervation

A

SUN
scalp, upper shoulder, neck,
motor innervation to some of the muscles of the neck, the thoracic cavity, and the skin

24
Q

Cervical plexus blocks are defined by

A

injections relative to the two layers of the deep cervical fascia (ie, the superficial, or investing, layer and the deep layer).

25
Q

A superficial cervical plexus block involves

A

injection superficial to the investing layer

26
Q

Intermediate block involves injection between

A

supervision and deep layer

27
Q

The deep Cervical Plexus block involves injection

A

deep to the deep layer

28
Q

Part and one of the larger branches of the plexus, innervates the diaphragm

A

The phrenic nerve

29
Q

What is the spinal segment of the Ansa cervicalis (superior and inferior branches)

A

C1-C4

30
Q

Distribution of the Ansa Cervicalis by way of which nerve

GOTSS

A

Five of the extrinsic laryngeal muscles

sternothyroid, sternohyoid, omohyoid, geniohyoid, and thyrohyoid) by way of N XII (hypoglossal

31
Q

Lesser occipital, transversecervical, supraclavicular, and greater auricular nerves spinal segment and distribution

A

C2- C3 Skin of upper chest, shoulder, neck, and ear

32
Q

Phrenic nerve spinal segment and distribution

A

C3-C5 Diaphragm

33
Q

Cervical nerves spinal segment and distribution

CN

A

C1-C5 Levator scapulae, scalene muscles, sternocleidomastoid, and trapezius muscles (with N XI) accessory nerve

34
Q

The brachial plexus innervates the

A

pectoral girdle and upper limb.

35
Q

The Brachial plexus is formed by

A

five roots that originate from the ventral rami of spinal nerves C5-T1.

36
Q

ROOTS that Form the upper trunk of the Brachial Plexus

A

C5 and C6 roots merge to form the upper trunk.

37
Q

ROOTS that Form the middle trunk of the Brachial Plexus

A

C7

38
Q

ROOTS merge to form the lower trunk of the Brachial Plexus

A

The C8 and T1

39
Q

The TRUNKS give off

A

three anterior and three posterior DIVISIONS as they approach the clavicle.

40
Q

THE DIVISIONS rearrange to form

A

Medial, lateral and Posterior CORDS

41
Q

THE CORDS give offs

A

TERMNINAL BRANCHES

42
Q

The lateral cord gives off the

A

musculocutaneous nerve, and the lateral root of the median nerve.

43
Q

The medial cord gives off the medial root of the

A

median nerve and the ulnar nerve.

44
Q

The posterior cord gives off the

A

axillary and radial nerves.

45
Q

For Brachial Plexus The largest percentages of motor fibers are from_____ and the least are __

A

C5 and C6 roots, and the least from C7 and T1 roots

46
Q

For Brachial Plexus The greatest number of sensory fibers is from the

A

C7 root, with lesser amounts from C5, C6, C8, and T1 roots

47
Q

supplying muscles important for swallowing and speech

A

Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)

48
Q

What is the External landmark of Cervical plexus Block

A

Middle point of the sternocleidomastoid muscle between mastoid process and clavicle.

49
Q

The lumbar plexus is formed by the

A

ventral rami of spinal nerves L1-L3 and the superior branch of L4

50
Q

In LUMBAR PLEXUS In about 50% of the cases, there is a

contribution from.

A

T12

51
Q

The inferior branch of L4, along with the entire ventral rami of L5, forms the

A

lumbosacral trunk that contributes to the sacral plexus.

52
Q

The main branches of the lumbar plexus are the

A

iliohypogastric,
ilioinguinal
genitofemoral, lateral femoral cutaneous, obturator, and femoral nerves

53
Q

The sacral plexus arises from the (Figures 1-21,1-
22A,B, 1-23, and 1-24).
,

A

lumbosacral trunk

(L4-L5) plus the ventral rami of S1-S4

54
Q

The main nerves of the sacral plexus are

A

the sciatic nerve and the pudendal nerve

55
Q

The two components of the sciatic nerve diverge into two recognizable nerves:

A

the common peroneal and the tibial nerve

SRNA3Regional (17 decks)

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