Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SRNA3Regional > Exam 1 REVIEW > Flashcards

Exam 1 REVIEW Flashcards

1
Q

Ion current: Resting phase

A

Na and K closed, K channels leaking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ion Current Depolarization phase

A

Na channels open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ion Current: Repolarization phase

A

Na channels closed, K channels open

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ion Current Refractory phase

A

Slow voltage gated Na channels closed and inactive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Methemoglobinemia associated with the use of

A

Prilocaine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anatomical plane Sagittal plane

A

left and right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Anatomical plane: Coronal plane

A

Anterior and posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Anatomical plane: Transverse plane

A

Superior and inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anatomical plane: Oblique

A

Cuts made diagonally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which of the following locals has the lowest pka?

A

Mepivacaine = 7.6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Appropriate onset of the neuronal blockade

A 
B autonomics 1 st
A delta, fast pain/temp, C< slow pain, autonomics 2 nd
A gamma, muscle tone, motor 3 rd
A beta, sensory touch, pressure 4 th
A alpha, motor skeletal muscle 5 th
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Match the innervation of the anatomy to the block you would perform o cover that area
a. Suprascapular and axillary nerves to the shoulder joint –

A

Interscalene block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Match the innervation –> Rectus femoris from the femoral nerve, branches of the obturator nerve and quadratus femoris from the sacral plexus to the Hip joint

A
  • SAB/ Epidural
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Match the innervation –>Branches from the femoral nerve, the posterior division of the Obturator nerve and both division of the sciatic nerve to the Knee joint –

A

Femoral, Sciatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Match the innervation –>The terminal branches of the Common Peroneal nerves, Tibial Nerve, and Femoral Nerve. Mainly, the entire Ankle Joint can be thought of simply as “innervation of the Sciatic and Femoral nerves”.

A

– Ankle Block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Match the innervation Terminal branches of the Brachial Plexus, including the Radial and Ulnar nerves. -

A

Wrist Block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

I’m the following from the highest to the lowest with regards to LA rate of absorption:
TIC PBLSS

A

a. Tracheal 1 st
b. Intercosta 2 nd
c. Caudal 3 rd
d. Paracervical 4 th
e. Lumbar epidural 5 th
f. Brachial plexus 6 th
g. Subarachnoid 7 th
h. Subcutaneous 8 th

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The major determinant of duration of action for a given local anesthetic used in a subarachnoid block (SAB) is:

A

a. The total dose of local anesthetic used

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

CNS toxicity manifest in several ways. Among the most prominent are 4 of the following:

A

a. Circa Memorial numbness
b. Tinnitus
c. Visual disturbances
e. Lightheadedness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Please choose the four correct statements regarding myelin sheaths from those listed below.
c. It is a continuous uninterrupted layer (EXCEPT)

A

a. It is formed by Schwann cells
b. It decreases capacitance across the axonal membrane
d. And helps spread impulse conduction
e. Not all Schwann cells form myelin sheaths

21
Q

Lidocaine maybe used for all of the following: Choose 3

b. Increasing duration and peripheral nerve blocks (EXCEPT)

A

a. Infiltration of tissues
c. IV regional (bier) block
d. Epidural block

22
Q

Peripheral nerves are constructed for electrical transmission that leads to a chemical messenger activation. Dendrites extend from the axon and are responsible for impulse transmission over long distances. Interruptions of the myelin sheath allow the axolemma to be exposed to the matrix. These interruptions are known as

A

c. Nodes of Ranvier

23
Q

From the statements listed below, choose for answers you believe are TRUE:
e. Larger diameter nerves conduct much more slowly than smaller diameter nerves because they tend to be on
myelinated (EXCEPT)

A

a. A delta fibers – Sharp, prickling pain and temperature
b. C fibers - Throbbing pain and temperature
c. B fibers - Sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons
d. Myelinated nerves conduct action potentials faster than unmyelinated nerves

24
Q

How does carbonation affect local anesthetics?

A

a. Speeds the onset (relative to the use of HCl for pH adjustment)

25
Q

Increasing the dosage of a local anesthetic administered for a nerve block will have 4 of the following effects:
b. Increase in onset time (EXCEPT)

A

a. More side effects and risk of complications
c. Prolongation of satisfactory anesthesia
d. More profound depth the block
e. More profound motor block

26
Q

Match the terms with regard to local anesthetics:
a. Lipid solubility -
b. Protein binding –
c.

A
  • potency
  • duration of action
  • shorter onset of action
  • increases pH of solution, resulting in more drug in the unionize state
27
Q

Which statement regarding pKa is FALSE?

A

Local anesthetics with higher pKa are more lipid soluble at physiologic pH

28
Q

Amides or esters/

a. Which are more unstable in solution?

A

Esters

29
Q

A vs E ? Which are metabolized by plasma cholinesterase?

A

Esters

30
Q

A vs. E Which group is metabolized in the liver?

A

Amides

31
Q

A vs. E Which group low allergic potential?

A

Amides

32
Q

Nodes of Ranvier are: Choose 4

e. Located only unmyelinated nerves (EXCEPTION

A

a. Gaps between myelin forming Schwann cells
b. Where ion transfer occurs during depolarization
c. Where voltage gated sodium channels are concentrated
d. The site of local anesthetic action in myelinated nerves

33
Q

Where in the CNS are the cell bodies of sensory neurons located?

A

a. Dorsal root ganglion

34
Q

Which of the following correctly lists local anesthetic agents in order of longest duration to shortest duration when used for infiltration blocks? BuMeLiChlo

A

a. Bupivacaine, mepivacaine, lidocaine, chloroprocaine

35
Q

description of each peripheral nerve layer.

a. Perineurium -
b. Endoneurium -
c. Epineurium -

A

contains nerve fibers in fascicles
surrounds each individual axon
sheath covering entire nerve

36
Q

If you administer a basic local anesthetic with a pka of 8.2 into physiologic pH, the drug will be?

A

a. Greater than 50% ionized

37
Q

Match the description with the correct type of nerve covering (answers can be used more than once)

a. Surrounds each individual axon________
b. Non-neuronal glial cell________
c. Contains nerve fibers in fascicles _____
d. Semipermeable, acts as a major barrier to diffusion of local anesthetics._________
e. Sheath covering the entire nerve ________
f. Contains nutrient blood vessels ________

A

Endoneurium Endoneurium (SN)
Perineum Perineum (Secon)
Epineurium (SHeconu)
Epineurium

38
Q

Minimum Blocking Concentration is the lowest concentration of the drug that is needed for blocking impulse propagation. It is analogous to MAC. Match variables affecting the increase or decrease in the CM.

A

Increase (NMD)
Increased nerve fiber diameter
Increased myelination Increase
Greater distance between the Nodes of Ranvier

Decrease pHHighPreg El

d. Increased tissue pH
e. High frequency of nerve stimulator
f. Pregnancy
g. Elevated temperature

39
Q

Originates from the ventral rami of C-1 C-5. Branches from this provide sensory innervation to part of the
scalp, neck, and upper shoulder. It also contributes motor innervation to some of the muscles of the nectar,
thoarcic cavity, and in the skin. –

A

Cervical Plexus

40
Q

This plexus innervates the pectoral girdle and upper limb. This plexus is formed by five groups that originate
from the ventral rami of spinal nerves C-5 T1. –

A

Brachial Plexus

41
Q

This plexus is formed by the ventral rami of spinal nerves L1-L3 and the superior branch of L4. In some
cases there is a contribution from T12. Branches of this plexus are the ileohypogastric, ilioinguinal,
genitofemoral, lateral femoral cutaneous obturator and femoral nerves. –

A

Lumbar Plexus

42
Q

This arises from the lumbosacral trunk L5-L4 plus the ventral rami of S1-S4. The main nerves include the
sciatic, and the pudendal –

A

Sacral Plexus

43
Q

These fiberss are subdivided in Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta. They are all myelinated, responsible for
motor, tactile, proprioception, muscle tone, touch –.

A

A fibers

44
Q

These fibers are usually my unmyelinated, slow, postganglionic autonomic, responsible for pain and
temperature –

A

C fibers

45
Q

These fibers are myelinated, preganglionic autonomic –

A

B fibers

46
Q

And a healthy adult the maximum dose of lidocaine without epinephrine is a

A 
175 mg (Dose should not be repeated at intervals of <3hrs and max dose of 400 mg in 24 hrs. should
never be exceeded)
47
Q

In what state are local anesthetics stored?

A

Base in acid solution – ionized pH

48
Q

Which of the following preservative free local anesthetic solutions would be a good choice for patient with severe
allergy to PABA containing sunscreens?

A

c. Bupivacaine

SRNA3Regional (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions