Habituation, Sensitization, Familirization Flashcards
What is habituation?
Decrease in strength of behaviour from repeated exposure to the stimulus producing it
What is dis-habituation?
New stimulus can temporarily recover responses to habituating stimulus (usually fades quickly)
What is stimulus specificity?
Generalization
Similar stimuli can also decrease responses to habituating stimuli
What is spontaneous recovery?
Behaviour gradually returns to normal when repeated habituating stimulus stops
How does long-term habituation occur?
Many repetitions of the stimulus, possibly even becoming relatively permanent
Is massed or spaced habituation better?
Spaced
Taking breaks between sessions of repeated stimuli makes habituation develop slower but lasts longer
How is the gill-withdrawal reflex measured?
1) Touch tail, siphon or mantle
2) Gill contracts within mantle
3) Rime to relaxation is measured
What can happen in synapses during short-term habituation and long-term habituation?
Short: Synaptic depression
Long: Sensory-motor synapses pruned away
What is sensitization?
Increase in strength of behaviour due to exposure to an arousing/noxious stimulus
What are the difference between habituation and sensitization?
Habituation:
- Decreases behaviour
- Innocuous stimulus
- Repeated exposure
- Stimulus specific
Sensitization:
- Increased behaviour
- Noxious stimulus
- Single trial
- Generalizes
In long term sensitization, what happens to sensory-motor synapses?
New ones are created
What happens to action potentials when sensitization occurs?
K+ channels opening (repolarization) are delayed
Creates broadened action potential that gives more time to release more neurotransmitters
What is familiarity?
Perception of similarity that occurs when an event is repeated
What is priming?
Prior exposure to stimulus can improve ability to recognize it later
(Familiarize object to increase recall later)
What is perceptual learning?
Repeated experience with set of stimuli make the stimuli easier to distinguish even without being aware
